Abstract: “Based on previous work, we present a stage model for problem solving with conflicting goals (polytelic problem solving). That model predicts (a) a specific stage sequence, (b) specific strategic reactions due to failures, and (c) conditions for rumination. Tests of the model predictions are based on categorized think-aloud protocols. N = 20 subjects worked on a complex ecological microworld that required a series of 20 interdependent decisions with either goal independence or goal conflict. Qualitative results from think-aloud protocols and from decision times show (a) that peak episodes can be identified where failures happen, (b) that failure experiences during problem-solving and rumination occur in parallel, and (c) that adaptive problem solving leads to a more careful style of intervention after the first failure. The discussion addresses issues of model building and model testing as well as the connection between goal conflicts and complex problems.”

Keywords: complex problem solving, goal conflicts, motivation, process model, strategy