Abstract: In this study, the effect of charge which is brought about by the lipid composition and method of preparation on the properties of ferulic acid encapsulated liposomes was investigated to determine the optimum conditions with respect to mainly in vitro release and ex vivo skin permeation of ferulic acid. Positively charged liposomes exhibited higher encapsulation efficiencies than negatively charged liposomes. However, positively charged liposomes were much larger and less homogenous than negatively charged liposomes, which may influence many properties including biodistribution. It was revealed that positively charged liposomes are better for slow release while negatively charged liposomes are better for skin permeation properties.

• Publication Date: 29-Dec-2015
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-084-2-48
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Abstract: Okadaic acid (OA) involved in Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) is a marine toxin produced by dinoflagellates such as Prorocentrum sp. Although the neurotoxic properties of DA are well documented, very little is known regarding in vivo genotoxicity of OA on aquatic organisms, especially on fish. In the present paper, an in vivo study on the genotoxic effects of OA was carried out on a model fish Oreochromis niloticus using the micronucleus test and the comet assay. The fish were exposed to three different doses of okadaic acid via intraperitoneal injection. Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) at a single dose of 5 mg/l was used as positive control. Analysis of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities and DNA damage were carried out on peripheral erythrocytes sampled at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 h post treatment. Our results revealed significant increases in the frequencies of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities as well as DNA strand breaks indicating the genotoxic potential of OA on fish.

• Publication Date: 29-Dec-2015
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-084-2-49
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