Abstract: It is well known that open circuit voltage and output voltage decreases significantly while operating temperature of PV cell/module increases. This means reduction of conversion efficiency of cell/module. On the other hand, short circuit current increases slightingly with rise of temperature. In the study, an experimental structure and procedure has been constructed and performed in order to show behavior of PV cell/module depending on rise of temperature. The proposed experimental procedure is applicable for almost all renewable/alternative energy technology laboratories. Experimental results obtained from the structure for two different illumination values are given on figures and shown how open circuit voltage and short circuit current changes at these illumination values.

• Publication Date: 16-Dec-2016
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-115-3-34
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Abstract: In this paper some initial results concerning the evolution of flame propagation in 4-valve engines with tilted valves were presented. Results were obtained by dint of multidimensional modeling of reactive flows in arbitrary geometry with moving boundaries. The effect of turbulence model variation on flame propagation was tackled as well. Namely, some results obtained with eddy-viscosity model i.e. standard k-ε model were compared with results obtained with k-ξ-f model of turbulence in domain of 4-valve engine in-cylinder flow. Some interesting results emerged rendering impetus for further quest in the near future. In the case of combustion all differences ensuing from turbulence model variation, encountered in the case of non-reactive flow were annihilated entirely. Namely the interplay between fluid flow pattern and flame propagation is invariant as regards both turbulence models applied.

• Publication Date: 16-Dec-2016
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-115-3-36
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