Abstract: Cisplatin is a commonly used anticancer drug which is the first generation of platinum-based anticancer drugs developed. The cis configuration enables the binding of the coordination complex to one or two DNA strand(s) and thereby crosslinking the DNA strands triggering the cells to die in a programmed manner. Cisplatin is administered to patients intravenously as a short-term infusion in normal saline for chemotheraputic treatment to solid malignancies. It is used to treat various types of cancers which include sarcomas and some carcinomas such as small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, lymphomas, bladder cancer, cervical cancer, and germ cell tumours. It is found that cisplatin is particularly effective against testicular cancer with a cure rate of 10-85%. When administered into blood, cisplatin reacts with thiol containing proteins present in blood plasma thus reducing its bioavailability and increasing cytotoxicity. Cisplatin is associated with numerous side effects which include n

• Publication Date: 24-Sep-2017
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-136-8-46
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Abstract: This review paper summarizes the problems associated with transportation as regard to automobile emissions caused by fossil fuel combustion and ways of circumventing such problems. Hydrogen is perhaps the cleanest fuel though hydrogen in its molecular form is hardly available naturally. As such, current methods of hydrogen production and their problems will be revealed. Hydrogen production through water photo-splitting will then be thoroughly reviewed. Our work on the use of silver and niobium(v)-doped TiO2 in water photosplitting is then described. Silver nanoparticles deposited on TiO2 nanowires are capable of absorbing in the visible range due to surface plasmon resonance effect while Nb(V) introduces electronic energy levels within the band gap of titanium dioxide comparable to vibrational energy levels of titanium dioxide thus enabling absorption of infrared radiation and upconversion. This catalyst is perhaps the fasted water splitting catalyst designed and developed so far and i

• Publication Date: 24-Sep-2017
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-136-8-47
• Views: 0
• Downloads: 0