Abstract: The exercise of ijtihad (independent reasoning by qualified jurist) has been a siginificant process in the development of Islamic Law as witnessed throughout the history of Muslim society. Ijtihad has always been an important tool and source for Muslims to find Islamic rulings on various current and newcoming issues which they found no direct answers both in the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad’s traditions. As a largest community in Malaysia, Muslim society which form 60% of 30 million of total population experiences a lot of new issues in their current life, from issues of personal religious duties to various mundane issues such as economics, ethnic relations, medicines etc. The urgent need of religious answers for these issues has engendered a rapid growth of ijtihad in its various form: fatwas (edicts), academic researches and legislation. This paper focuses on fatwas issued by Malaysian National Fatwa Council as it is regarded as highest and respectable religious institution in Mala

• Publication Date: 08-Jun-2014
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-023-1-60
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Abstract: During the last two decades, educational reforms have had to do with programs, texts, achieving objectives, the new high school curriculum, M.SH and teaching models. A hidden issue, but more disturbing recent violence in Albanian schools. It is clear that violence prevails not only in school, but there is a lack of understanding as to the causes underlying this phenomenon, the impact it has on the lives of children and possible ways to tackle this problem, which affects thousands of students in days. Since the bullying day - the day of cases is increasing, so is the duty of all responsible institutions, to investigate this negative phenomenon. Measures to prevent adding professionalism, sound education and the right professional to advise on the youth and adults. Children do not lose their human rights by overcoming the threshold of the school. Thus, for example, education must be provided in a manner that respects the inherent dignity of the child, giving the child the opportunity to

• Publication Date: 08-Jun-2014
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-023-1-61
• Views: 0
• Downloads: 0