Abstract: In earlier research, socially responsible investment (SRI) funds were found to have either a slight underperformance or a statistically indistinguishable performance vis-à-vis conventional funds. However, the approach to testing for this performance differential has mostly been based on a dichotomous distinction between both types of funds. In our paper, we revisit earlier SRI mutual fund performance research by introducing heterogeneity in both the extent to which mutual funds can be socially responsible and the effect of covariates on estimated fund returns. To do so, we implement a robust process-oriented social responsibility sorting tool and a quantile regression estimation approach.

• Publication Date: 02-Jun-2014
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-011-8-50
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Abstract: Soil loss from one area is normally transferred to and deposited in another by flow processes. The direction of flow, specifically overland flow or runoff, can be determined by finding the direction of steepest descent from each point on the terrain surface. This study aims to determine the flow direction using GIS or, in the case of a raster, digital elevation model (DEM), from each cell in the DEM. The soil flow directions are determined to identify areas from which the soil erodes and where it deposits. In areas such as tropical forest, trees located on the area where the soil erodes should not be harvest as this will accelerate erosion.

• Publication Date: 02-Jun-2014
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-011-8-51
• Views: 0
• Downloads: 0