16 Articles Published

1. BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE TIMOSHENKO BEAMS WITH GâTEAUX DIFFERENTIAL

Authors: FETHI KADIOGLU , GULCIN TEKIN

Abstract: In this study, buckling analysis of composite Timoshenko beam is conducted and a functional is presented by applying mixed finite element method with Gâteaux differential. Mixed finite element model has four unknowns, deflection, bending moment, rotation and shear force. For the analysis, composite straight beams with different boundary conditions are considered. Accuracy of the presented functional and mixed finite element formulation is shown by comparing the results of numerical examples with the ones available in the literature. The results obtained in this study are found to be in good agreement.

Keywords: buckling, composite Timoshenko beams, functional analysis method, Mixed Finite Element Method

Pages: 1 - 3 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-26

2. FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF CROSS-PLY LAMINATED COMPOSITE THICK PLATES

Authors: FETHI KADIOGLU , GULCIN TEKIN

Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to analyze the free vibration behavior of cross-ply laminated composite rectangular thick plates with mixed finite element method based on the Gâteaux differential. Mixed finite element model has eight unknowns, displacement, bending and twisting moments, rotations and shear forces. In the free vibration analysis, laminated composite rectangular thick plates are considered for different geometrical and material parameters, lamination scheme and boundary conditions. Accuracy of the presented functional and mixed finite element formulation is shown by comparing the results of numerical examples with the ones available in the literature. The results obtained in this study are found to be in good agreement

Keywords: free vibration analysis, composite thick plates, Gâteaux differential, mixed finite element method

Pages: 4 - 7 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-27

3. CYCLIC HEATING EFFECT ON HARDNESS OF STEEL

Authors: TAHANY W. SADAK

Abstract: Presented work discusses research results concerning the effect of the heat treatment process. Thermal fatigue which expresses repeated heating and cooling processes affect the ductility or the brittleness of the material. In this research 70 specimens of steel (1.5 mm thickness, 85 mm length, 32 mm width) are subjected to thermal fatigue at different conditions. Heating temperatures; Th = 100, 300 and 500 ° C. Number of repeated cycles; N =1 to 100. Results are evaluated then compared to each other and to that of specimens without subjected to thermal fatigue.

Keywords: steel alloys, thermal analysis, heat treatment, hardness, thermal fatigue .

Pages: 8 - 11 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-28

4. INVESTIGATION ON ENHANCING FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF CFRP STRENGTHENED CONCRETE BEAMS

Authors: J.C.P.H. GAMAGE , M.R.E.F. ARIYACHANDRA

Abstract: Strengthening of reinforced concrete structures is inevitable to preserve structural integrity and protracted service life due to the effects of numerous elements contained within the natural or artificial environment surrounding it. Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites have been progressively more utilized for decades as a strengthening material due to its outstanding characteristics such as high strength to weight ratio, reduced weight, excellent resistance to corrosion and environmental degradation and ease of handling during construction which have distinguished it well apart from the other strengthening techniques. However, the ultimate load capacity of CFRP strengthened concrete composites is comparatively lower than CFRP material due to premature debonding which reported as the most frequently observed failure mode in CFRP/concrete composites. In the current study, alternative bonding techniques were investigated to achieve enhanced bond performance by delaying prem

Keywords: CFRP, debonding, end wraps, polyester mesh, Tri-leg anchor

Pages: 12 - 16 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-29

5. EFFECTS OF HOLE TRANSPORT AND INJECTION LAYERS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF FLEXIBLE ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES

Authors: CHING-KONG CHAO , FA-TA TSAI , RWEI-CHING CHANG , SHENG-DA CAI

Abstract: The efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) strongly depends on the mobility of electric holes in the organic materials. To improve the performance of flexible OLEDs, various thicknesses of hole injection layers and hole transporting layers in the flexible OLEDs were studied in this work. The PEDOT:PSS hole injection layer was deposited on the ITO coated PET substrate by spin coating at the first, and then deposited the NPB hole transporting layer, Alq3 emitting layer, and aluminum cathode by thermal evaporation. The OLED component was covered with a PET film and packaged by UV glue in the final. The luminance, chromaticity coordinate, and life time of the flexible OLEDs were tested, where the thickness effects of the PEDOT:PSS and NPB on the OLED performance were also studied. The result showed that the flexible OLED stacked as PET /Al 200 nm /Alq3 100 nm /NPB 40 nm /PEDOT:PSS 130 nm /ITO /PET had the best performance with 2640.7 cd/m2 at 10 V.

Keywords: OLED; flexible; hole injection layer; hole transport layer.

Pages: 17 - 20 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-30

6. EFFICIENT MODELING OF A STRUCTURE WITH FRICTION DAMPERS

Authors: HYUNGOO KANG , JINKOO KIM , YOUNGHOO CHOI

Abstract: This study investigated the efficient modeling of a framed structure to be used for optimal distribution of friction dampers using genetic algorithm. As huge amount of nonlinear time history analysis of the structure was involved in the GA procedure, the model structure was transformed into a simplified 15 degrees of freedom system with similar dynamic characteristics. The range of friction damping effective in reducing earthquake response of the model structure was determined as a preliminary study for optimal damper distribution using an equivalent single degree of freedom system. Then the original model structure was transformed into equivalent multi-degrees of freedom system with one degree of freedom in each story to reduce the computation time required for nonlinear dynamic time history analyses. The pushover and the nonlinear dynamic analysis results of the ESDOF system and the original model structure show that the simplified modeling technique is valid.

Keywords: component; Seismic Retrofit, Friction dampers, Genetic algorithm, Optimal design, RC Moment Frames

Pages: 21 - 24 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-31

7. LOCAL BOND STRENGTH BASED LAP SPLICE LENGTH MODEL OF REINFORCING BARS

Authors: HYEON-JONG HWANG

Abstract: Lap splice is a critical issue in the structural performance of Reinforced Concrete members. In the present study, the lap splice length of rebars was theoretically studied. On the basis of the bond behavior in the lap splice, a simplified design method was developed to predict the lap splice length of rebars under tension force. In the proposed method, local bondslip relationship between rebar and concrete was considered. The predicted tensile strength of the splice bars were compared with the 539 existing splice tests results. On the basis of pull-out test results, the proposed model was modified to predict the lap splice length of rebars in the beams using new materials. The predictions agree with the test results.

Keywords: Bond strength, Lap splice length, Splice test, Pull-out test

Pages: 25 - 29 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-32

8. CHARACTERIZATION OF SAW-DUST SOLID WASTE FOR ITS PYROLYTIC CONVERSION INTO BIO-OIL

Authors: FARID NASIR ANI , MOHAMMAD HAFIZ BAKAR , MOHAMMAD NURUL ISLAM , NURHAMIZAH AHMAD

Abstract: Biomass in the form of saw-dust widely available in Brunei Darussalam from different timber industries is characterized in order to be used as feedstock for its conversion into bio-oil by the emerging thermochemical process, known as pyrolysis. It has dual effects. In one way, it reduces too much dependency on fossil fuel sources with a diversion of attention towards renewable sources of energy. On the other hand, it contributes to the reduction of pollution and disposal problems which are at present a major concern of every nation along with the whole world. For this purpose, locally available saw-dust solid waste is collected, prepared and characterized for its thermal behavior by means of thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). From the study it is realized that the solid saw-dust particles can be used as a feedstock material for its pyrolytic conversion into bio-oil with sufficient percentage of liquid and solid product yields. The study indicates that the pyrolysis reactor bed temperat

Keywords: Saw dust; pyrolysis; characterization; biomass; solid waste

Pages: 30 - 33 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-33

9. UTILIZING SOLAR ENERGY TO PRODUCE FRESH WATER FROM SEA WATER

Authors: L. JOSEPH MICHAEL

Abstract: Water plays a key role in our day to day life. A common man tend to use about 250 litres per day. Due to poor rainfall and contamination of the ground water the source of fresh water is decreasing drastically. Thus the alternative method for the source of water is by, Conversion of Sea water in Fresh water. The normal conversion of sea water into drinking water is tedious and costly. Thus an alternative method is used to remove salt from the water. The Boiling point of liquid under vacuum condition or low pressure is generally low. Thus this process involves Evaporation and Condensation of sea water, which is done under Vacuum condition, by using only Natural resource as the main source of energy. The major source of energy used in this process is solar energy. Solar water heater is used for producing the heat needed for the Evaporation zone and Sea water is used for cooling purpose in Condensation zone. The solar energy used to generate electricity, which is used for Conversion of Sea

Keywords: Utilizing, Solar Energy, water, Sea

Pages: 34 - 37 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-34

10. A STUDY ON BEHAVIOR OF TUNED MASS DAMPERS USING WATER TANK TO REDUCE VIBRATIONS OF BUILDINGS FROM EARTHQUAKE

Authors: ARTHIT PETCHSASITHON , PANUMAS SAINGAM

Abstract: At the present time, an earthquake is one of the problems for the high-rise building structures. This paper presents an analysis and an examination of Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) in order to study the possibility of using the water tank as the TMD. The finite element method is used as a tool in structural analysis. A study of four, eight and twelve story-three dimensional reinforced concrete buildings with water tank placing on the roof is evaluated. The total mass of the whole system including water tank, water, beams,columns and slabs are considered. The behavior of the tank subjected to both El-Centro 1940 and Chichi 1999earthquake data are studied under the condition of full water within a tank. The lateral displacements of the building without water tank are compared with the building with full water tank. In conclusion, use of the water tank is found to be able to reduce vibrations from earthquake in some cases.

Keywords: tuned mass dampers,water tank, earthquake, ground acceleration, building

Pages: 38 - 42 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-35

11. PASSENGER PROTECTION PERFORMANCE OF BREAKAWAY TYPE POSTS MADE OF HIGH ANTI-CORROSION STEEL MATERIALS

Authors: BYUNG-JIK SON , SANG-YOUL LEE, SEONGHYEOK LEE , WOOYOUNG JUNG

Abstract: A finite element simulation study was performed to gain an insight about the crash test details. Accuracy of the simulation was verified using qualitative and quantitative comparisons. Based on in-depth examination of crash simulation recordings, energy distributions occurred in the breakaway type posts against the car are determined. The numerical results for various parameters are verified by comparing different material models with internal energy distribution occurred in the breakaway type posts from the crash simulation.

Keywords: breakaway type posts, anti-corrosion steel, passenger protection, finite element analysis

Pages: 43 - 46 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-36

12. THE INFLUENCE OF RISK FACTORS TOWARD THE TIME OF IMPLEMENTATION THE ROAD AND BRIDGE PROJECTS

Authors: IRWAN LIE K W , JOSEFINE ERNESTINE LATUPEIRISSA

Abstract: Construction of road and bridge infrastructure aimed to supporting the distribution of goods and human traffic and form a spatial structure. In construction, there are factors that affect the implementation time. Thus the purpose of this study was to identify risk factors that may affect the project implementation time, classified in categories, and how to influence and rank the likelihood of these factors. Research done by observation at the project site and interviews with interested parties. The data obtained were analyzed with a Likert Scale and Relative Importance Index (RII). While the interaction between risk factors with influence diagram. The study represent that there are 17 risk factors that always occur in the construction of roads and bridge in Papua, which affects the timing of implementation. These risk factors are classified into seven categories with the first dominant factor until the third in a sequence is RII= 3.00, R=1 is Availability of Material(Material Aspects),

Keywords: risk factor, Roads project, time of the road construstion project

Pages: 47 - 51 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-71

13. MONITORING STRATEGY FOR AN ENERGY EFFICIENT SCHOOL BUILDING

Authors: DAN DANIEL , BOROS IOSIF , FLORUT CODRUT , NAGY-GYORGY TAMAS

Abstract: The paper presents some aspects related to an energy efficient school building in Romania, designed in a moderate seismic zone, in which both the passive house concept and the renewable energy solutions are applied in order to optimize the maintenance cost and the global cost of the investment. In order to improve the real-time energy consumption of the building and to analyse the internal climate parameters, a complex monitoring system was planned and its main components are also presented.school, energy efficiency, monitoring system, detailing

Keywords: school, energy efficiency, monitoring system, detailing

Pages: 52 - 56 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-72

14. DEVELOPMENT OF 3D IMAGE MEASUREMENT SYSTEM FOR LARGE AREA

Authors: YEON TAEK OH

Abstract: The requirement of large-area and high-precision measurements has increased in industry area. The high-precision multi probe measurement system has been developed to measure the 3D shape. The three different multi probes are combined in measurement system. This system is synchronized between the probes to measure the same position in the sample. Also this paper shows the measurement results with multi probe measurement system

Keywords: 3D Image, Synchronization, Multi Probe

Pages: 57 - 70 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-80

15. THE DERIVATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ELECTRICAL CURRENT AND THE APPLIED STRESS FOR CORTICAL BONE

Authors: YOUNG JUNE YOON

Abstract: Bone poroelasticity is widely used for elucidating the bone fluid flow stimulating bone cells and these bone cells communicate each other. Bone cells are stimulated by the strain generated potentials, which are induced by either bone fluid flow or piezoelectricity. We derive the equation by combining the electokinetic equation of bone fluid flow with the piezoelectric equation, and the electrical current induced by piezoelectricity is obtained for the case when the bone fluid flow is absent. Also this equation is combined with the wave propagation so that we can estimate the bone remodeling effect with the wave propagation

Keywords: derivation, relationship, electrical current, applied stress, cortical bone

Pages: 61 - 61 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-81

16. UPGRADING OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TPM INITIATIVES IN AN INDIAN INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY

Authors: PARDEEP GUPTA

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present a case study to demonstrate the TPM implementation methodology and to highlight the benefits achieved after TPM in an engineering industry XYZ Ltd. (name changed) situated in Mohali, Punjab. The improvements in key performance indicators (PQCDSM) after implementing the TPM proved that its implementation helped the company significantly to achieve higher productivity, customer satisfaction, morale and profits. The manufacturing cost reduced by 30%, overall equipment efficiency increased from 63% in 2010 to 84% after three years and productivity improved by 67%. The Company has won the TPM Excellence Award, Category-A in 2013 and after that continued implementing second phase of TPM. The findings of the study govern that the strategic TPM implementation can significantly contribute for the realization of operational excellence in almost all types of industry.

Keywords: Continuous Improvement, Manufacturing Excellence, Overall Equipment Efficiency, Productivity, Total Productive Maintenance,

Pages: 62 - 66 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-074-3-84