21 Articles Published

1. ENVIRONMENTAL INDEX OF ENERGY DEMAND IN BUILDINGS OPTIMIZATION OF A PARAMETRIC MODEL

Authors: CAMPOREALE , CZAJKOWSKI , JORGE DANIEL , PATRICIA EDITH

Abstract: This work is part of a research project about optimization of parametric bioclimatic design. We develop two bioclimatic indexes of heating and cooling for typical winter and summer days respectively, which are optimized by means of genetic algorithms (GA) [1]. The object is a high-rise building with multiple uses, located in a plot of urban land, according to Buenos Aires City Environmental Code [2]. The efficient envelope fulfils the Law of Thermal Conditioning in Buildings for Buenos Aires City and IRAM Standards 11604 [3] and 11659/1-2 [4]. After parameterizing the building geometry, we introduce solar thermal loads, transmission loads and internal loads. We employ our own climatic data from the Laboratory: hourly solar radiation and temperature. Then, we run the program consecutive times in order to obtain a set of solutions, which have equivalent energy performance but different spatial configuration. We utilize a genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the process [5].Based on the res

Keywords: bioclimatic indexes- energy demand

Pages: 1 - 6 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-17

2. HOT CORROSION RESISTANCE OF LA2ZR2O7 COAT ON STAINLESS STEEL ALLOY

Authors: MOHAMED ELHORINY , A.M.HASSAN , H. F. EL-MAGHRABY , M. AWAAD , RAINER GADOW , S. M. NAGA

Abstract: In the present study, La2Zr2O7 was used as a coat for stainless steel alloy. Lanthanum zirconate coat was sprayed using plasma spray technique. The preparation and characterization of La2Zr2O7 coat was studied. Hot corrosion of the coat surface was conducted in (1:1) V2O5 / Na2SO4 molten mixture at 900oC for 50 and 100 h. The results showed that molten mixture of V2O5 / Na2SO4 attacks La2Zr2O7 coat heavily after 100 h. Depending on the nature of molten salt, La2Zr2O7 can considered either a strong basic oxide or strong acidic oxide.

Keywords: Plasma coating, Lanthanum zirconate, Hot corrosion resistance

Pages: 7 - 11 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-18

3. COMPARISON BETWEEN EFFECT OF ADDING ASPHALT EMULSION AND PORTLAND CEMENT ON ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF SAND RIVER SUBGRADE SOIL

Authors: KHAWLA H. H. SHUBBER

Abstract: This study presents an attempt of experimental study on the effect of adding asphalt emulsion and Portland cement on the engineering properties of sand poorly graded river soil used as subgrade soil in pavement construction. The soil brought from sides of Al-Kufa River in Najaf state middle west of Iraq. Asphalt emulsion used in this study is that manufactured for surfacing and cold paving proposes. While Portland cement is that used in construction building. Percent of adding are (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15) % by weight. Properties of soil studied and presented in this paper are compaction, optimum water content, CBR, and direct shear. Results showed that the adding of asphalt emulsion and cement increase the dry density in different rate. While the optimum water content decrease with increasing asphalt emulsion and increase with increasing cement added. Direct shear of soil stabilized with cement is higher than both natural soil and that stabilized with asphalt emulsion. CBR values showed

Keywords: soil compaction, stabilization, river soil, asphalt emulsion, Portland cement, CBR, direct shear

Pages: 12 - 16 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-19

4. FLEXURAL PERFORMANCE OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE CONTAINING CORN-COB ASH

Authors: ADEKUNLE P. ADEWUYI , ALEX F. ADISA , OBANISHOLA M. SADIQ , OLADIPUPO S. OLAFUSI , OLUBAYO T. OLATEJU

Abstract: The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is becoming popular in civil engineering research and developments. This is mostly due to the enhanced rheological characteristics and economic benefits influenced by the inclusion of these SCMs in SCC works. This study experimentally investigated the flexural performance and deformation characteristics of self-compacting concrete (SCC) containing corn-cob ash (CCA). A total of twelve SCC mixes were investigated - eight mixes of CCA blended SCC containing admixtures and two non-CCA blended-SCC mixes with and without admixtures were studied and flexural behavior of 150 × 150 × 600 mm reinforced concrete beam specimens investigated. Although, the control SCC had higher ultimate failure load than the CCA blended SCC, failure loads of all the mixes increased with increased water-binder ratio and CCA blended SCC had better durability properties in first crack development than the control SCC, and their

Keywords: elf-compacting concrete, corn cob ash, first crack load, ultimate failure load, modulus of rupture, deflection

Pages: 17 - 21 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-20

5. APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF ASPHALT MATERIALS

Authors: ABDULLAH ABDELALEEMABOU KHADRAH

Abstract: Nanotechnology has been gradually penetrated into the field of asphalt modification. Seemingly magic effects of nanomaterial have been brought to improve the performance of asphalt. To demonstrate many of the prospective applications, researchers have conducted a series of positive and effective efforts dealing with the preparation of modified asphalt to demonstrate the mechanism of modification and the resultant improvement in performance. In this review, various nanomaterial used in asphalt modification are initially presented, followed by the methods employed to modify the asphalt with these materials and finally the effects of nanomaterial on the performance of base asphalt are presented and the modification mechanisms are discussed. Based on the current research results, the influence of preparation process parameters on the compatibility of every phase in the modified bitumen and the stability of the modified asphalt system are described.

Keywords: application, improve, performance

Pages: 22 - 26 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-21

6. TORSIONAL VIBRATION RESPONSE OF TURBOGENERATOR (TG) USING SOLID FINITE ELEMENTS

Authors: GANESH DACHARUM , KSHITIJ GUPTA

Abstract: To improve turbogenerator (TG) rotor design,Torsional vibration analysis is necessary. Torsional vibration of turbogenerator shaft occurs due to the electrical unbalances and disturbances in the generator (short circuits, line switching, faulty synchronizing etc). In the present paper 3-Dimensional (3D) solid finite element (FE) is used in FE software ANSYS, to evaluate the natural frequencies and dynamic response due to transient torque excitations. The 3D solid model eliminates the assumption inherent in the 1-Dimensioanl (1D) model, and therefore provides more realistic results. The simulation of transient torque disturbances on the rotor system caused by different short circuit faults has been performed on 3D model and the response is obtained. The computational time required for the analysis by 3D solid model is relatively more. However the 3D solid FE model provides information about all modes including the shaft and disc coupling effect. The response calculated through analytica

Keywords: Torsional vibrations; Turbogenerator rotor; Short circuit faults; Solid finite elements.

Pages: 27 - 31 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-22

7. EVALUATION OF THE GLOBAL BEHAVIOUR OF TALL REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS USING DISCRETE AND CONTINUUM APPROACHES

Authors: BINSHENG ZHANG , ALI AL-BALHAWI , NICHOLAS HYTIRIS

Abstract: This paper assesses the reliability of applying a popular continuum method “Equivalent Column Theory” into investigating the static and dynamic performance of various tall reinforced concrete building systems. Analytical formulae of this method were used to explore many issues that relate to the local and global behaviours of tall buildings such as horizontal deflections and fundamental frequencies in x and y directions and about z-axis. Therefore, to confirm the accuracy of this method, the same models were simulated by using the commercial finite element software SAP2000 which is considered as an exact and reliable method for comparison.

Keywords: tall building, global behaviour, finite element method, continuum method, equivalent column

Pages: 32 - 36 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-31

8. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON RC BEAMS STRENGTHENED BY 3D TEXTILE FABRIC

Authors: CHUNHO CHANG , DOHYEONG KIM , JONG HEE AN , SUNG JIG KIM

Abstract: The paper introduces the experimental program of investigation on the performance of RC beams strengthened with Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric. A research program aims at developing 3D UHMWPE textile fabric to improve the structural performance of RC members. A total of six of specimens is constructed and experimentally investigated through static tests in order to assess the structural behavior of the RC beams strengthened by 3D UHMWPE textile fabric. The first set of specimens was a normal beam without any retrofit. The second set of specimens was strengthened by 3D UHMWPE textile fabric. Testing data were analyzed to investigate the performance of the specimens retrofitted or strengthened with UHMWPE fiber compared to the non-retrofitted RC beam responses.

Keywords: UHMWPE, Textile fabric, Retrofit, RC Beam

Pages: 37 - 40 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-32

9. THE ANGULAR DISCRETIZATION IMPACT OF THERMAL RADIATION COMPUTATIONS ON HEAT TRANSFER IN ROOMS

Authors: VIOREL ILIE , CATALIN TEODOSIU , RALUCA TEODOSIU

Abstract: The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulations for airflows driven by buoyancy in heated real scale rooms. In addition, this study is focusing on the influence of angular discretization used for thermal radiation computations in CFD modeling. The numerical results are compared with experimental data from the literature, based on investigations dealing with thermal coupling “room-electric heat sources”, using full scale test cells. The results show that there is no sensitivity of radiative heat flux to the walls of the room to angular discretization used in the radiation model. This means that for simple geometries, minimum angular discretization can be used for the radiation model in CFD simulations, leading to important savings in CPU (Central Processing Unit) time. Nevertheless, this deduction must be checked by further work for other configurations.

Keywords: thermal radiation, CFD modeling, heat source

Pages: 41 - 45 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-33

10. USING OF CELLUBOR ON NOISE ENCLOSURES

Authors: HUSEYIN DAL , OMER K. MORGUL

Abstract: An investigation was conducted into the reduction of the noise caused by machines used in the manufacturing industry. Four noise cabin models, outfitted with two types of insulation-materials for the cabin walls – Styrofoam (Expander Polystyrene - EPS) and CelluBOR – were constructed. For each cabin model, a high-level noise source was employed, in accordance with operation conditions, to perform noise measurement and frequency analysis. The results indicated that CelluBOR was an effective material for ensuring noise insulation.

Keywords: CelluBOR, Noise enclosure, Noise Isolation

Pages: 46 - 49 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-34

11. RELOCATION OF RESONANCE FREQUENCIES OF UNDAMPED SYSTEMS ADDING GROUNDED SPRINGS

Authors: MESUT HUSEYINOGLU , ORHAN CAKAR

Abstract: Relocation of the resonance frequencies of the un-damped systems to desired values adding grounded springs is addressed. For the calculatıon of the necessary springs’ stiffnesses, a method based on Sherman-Morrison (SM) formula is presented. The method uses receptances of the original system and it needs neither analytical nor modal models. Numerical simulation shows that the method is very effective.

Keywords: natural frequency, receptance, inverse modification, Sherman-Morrison formula

Pages: 50 - 54 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-35

12. WILL CIVIL ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION SME’S BENEFIT FROM THE CHANGES TO THE 2014 EUROPEAN PROCUREMENT DIRECTIVES

Authors: SAMUEL POTTS , ROBERT EADIE

Abstract: Construction industry fragmentation into nearly a million Small to Medium Sized Enterprises (SME) in the UK led to calls for the European procurement process to be more inclusive. The innovation and skills of these organisations was not being correctly utilized in Government contracts. The introduction of the new procurement directives Europe wide sought to solve this problem. However, the perspective of SME’s on issues such as self-declaration provisions, breaking contracts into lots, limits to the financial capacity required, and the effect on procurement if more SMEs tendered had not been fully researched. This paper’s findings show an increase in SME involvement as predicted, and that the other elements of the new regulations are appreciated but that organisations have concerns over the capacity of government departments to administer contracts in lots.

Keywords: EU Directives,Procurement, Construction

Pages: 55 - 59 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-36

13. OPTIMAL RAIL TRANSIT SYSTEM PLANNING USING A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

Authors: CHRO AHMED , KHALID NUR , WASHINGTON OCHIENG

Abstract: The planning of a rail transit system is a complex process involving the determination of station locations and rail line alignments connecting the stations. There are many requirements and constraints to be considered in the planning process, with complex correlations and interactions, necessitating the application of optimization models in order to realize reliable and cost-effective rail transit systems. Although various optimization models have been developed to solve the rail transit system planning problem, most neglect the complex interactions between station locations and associated rail lines linking them station by treating them in separate optimization processes. This is in addition to focusing mainly on a single objective system requirement and thus resulting in suboptimal solutions. This paper addresses the limitations in the current approaches by developing an optimal planning methodology that treats the rail transit system and its influencing factors in a single integrat

Keywords: Rail transit system, Rail transit station locations, Rail transit lines, Optimization, Genetic Algorithm, GIS

Pages: 60 - 67 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-48

14. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF ADDING ALBOCARBON ON OTTO ENGINE EFFICIENCY

Authors: MUNTHER ABDULLAH MUSSA

Abstract: Albocarbon is an aromatic hydrocarbon solid compound. It has distinguishing odor with white crystalline structure. Most of Albocarbon today is produced from coal tar and used in paints, explosives, solvent and the most popular use as expeller of moths. In this research, Albocarbon had been examined to be as Fuel Enhancer for Otto engines. Four samples of the mixture of gasoline with Albocarbon as additive have been prepared, first is the control which was pure gasoline and the three others were different percentage of Albocarbon to the total mixture. In terms of chemical interaction, two methods have been used for identification of chemical compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) which is identified the functional group in the samples and the second is gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-Mass) to measure the total ions in the samples. The effects of the addition on the mechanical characteristics have been tested using single cylinder four-stroke gasoline eng

Keywords: Albocarbon, Octane number, addtives, gasoline, Naphthalene

Pages: 68 - 72 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-49

15. RESISTANCE OF DE-AGGLOMERATED NANO SILICA CONCRETE TO CHLORIDE INGRESS

Authors: H.I. AHMED

Abstract: The influence of both de-agglomerated and as received nano silica (NS) on chloride ingress resistivity was investigated. Nineteen OPC/NS concrete mixes with different NS contents (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6% by mass of OPC) were prepared and then exposed to chlorides. Two types of water (magnetized water (MW) and Tap water (TW)) were used. Two cylinders of 75x150 mm were prepared from each concrete mix for measuring chloride profile along the cover zone and depth of chloride penetration into the cover zone. Results of this study showed that all the examined NS replacement levels can enhance resistivity of chloride ingress of OPC concrete providing using MW and magnetic stirring (MS) together in concrete fabrication. Replacing 3% cement by NS and using both MW and MS results in the most significant reduction in both % chloride penetration and % total chloride content as compared to normal control concrete.

Keywords: Nano silica; Magnetized Water; Chloride Penetration; Chloride Profile; De-agglomeration

Pages: 73 - 77 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-59

16. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A GYROSCOPIC VIBRATION ABSORBER FOR VIBRATION CONTROL OF A VERTICAL CANTILEVER BEAM

Authors: F. UNKER , O. CUVALCI

Abstract: Taking advantage of the angular momentum of the rotating gyroscope, gyrostabilizer systems are expected to become more widely actualized as they provide an effective means of motion control with several significant advantages for various structures. In this paper, a system of the gyroscope coupled via the massless torsional spring and the massless torsional damper mounted on the tip mass of a beam subjected to a vibrating base is considered. On the other hand, the effect of the angular velocity of the gyroscope is studied, and it is shown that the angular velocity (spin velocity) of a gyroscope has a significant effect on the behavior of the dynamic motion. Correctness of the numerical results is verified by experimental simulations

Keywords: gyrostabilizer, damping, vibration control, gyroscopic vibration absorber

Pages: 78 - 82 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-74

17. ANALYZE THE FACTORS OF DYNAMIC SYSTEM DISPLACEMENT IN FRONT LOADING WASHING MACHINES

Authors: AYSEGUL SARAC

Abstract: The washing machines are characterized by the loading capacity, cabinet depth and spin speed. On the other hand, energy efficiency, water consumption and noise levels are main characteristics that influence customer decisions to buy washing machines. Washing machines most critical part is the dynamic system. Controlling the dynamic system displacement in the cabinet is a big challenge of washing machines. The scope of this study is to analyze the factors of dynamic system displacement in front loading washing machines. We are using 6-Sigma methodology to define and compare the main factors of displacement in order to assure the stability of machines.

Keywords: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-75

Pages: 82 - 83 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-75

18. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF IMPACT LOADED POLYMER COMPOSITES SIDE DOOR ANTI-INTRUSION BAR

Authors: CEMAL SOMYAK , HARUN GUCLU , IDRIS KAREN , MURAT YAZICI

Abstract: Reducing the weight of vehicles is crucial for fuel economy correspondingly CO2 emissions. Therefore, Automobile manufacturers are constantly working on lightweight materials alternatively. Crashworthiness is another principal task for the car manufacturers. For this purpose, additional parts exist in the car body, such as frontal crash bumper beams, crash boxes, and side door anti-intrusion bars. In the presented study, the side door anti-intrusion bar was selected to analyze with different composite materials to compare to existing steel models by using Finite Element Method (FEM). The same geometry but different thickness for Glass and Carbon fiber reinforced thermoset, and thermoplastic composites were applied in the FEM simulations. Selected material properties were obtained from the literature. Simulation results were compared to find highest bending rigidity and energy absorption capability of the anti-intrusion bar in the same boundary conditions and loading. Analyzed anti-intr

Keywords: Side door impact, Anti-intrusion Bar, Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Lightweight materials

Pages: 84 - 89 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-76

19. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF 2D CROSS-PLY E-GLASS FIBER REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC LAMINATED COMPOSITE MATERIALS

Authors: IDRIS KAREN , MURAT YAZICI , CENGIZ TORCUK , HAKKI OZER , YUCEL CAN

Abstract: In accordance with the basic demand of the automotive industry, like reducing weight, lower emission values and fuel economy, researchers are working on Thermoplastic Composites (TPC) in the fields of developing, producing and recycling. The main reason of this is that Thermoplastic Composites have a lower density, higher toughness and higher impact strength besides thermoformability. Furthermore, Automotive Industry has focused attention on thermoplastic composites as a consequence of the importance of recyclable materials were risen. Cross ply [0/90]5 continuous glass fiber reinforced Polyamide (PA), Polyethylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP) laminated composites were produced. The mechanical properties of these materials were obtained by appropriate tests.

Keywords: Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Mechanical Properties, Damage Mechanisms

Pages: 90 - 94 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-77

20. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF IMPACT LOADED POLYMER COMPOSITES SIDE DOOR ANTI-INTRUSION BAR

Authors: CEMAL SOMYAK , HARUN GUCLU , I.KURSAD KANDIRMIS , IDRIS KAREN , MURAT YAZICI

Abstract: Reducing the weight of vehicles is crucial for fuel economy correspondingly CO2 emissions. Therefore, Automobile manufacturers are constantly working on lightweight materials alternatively. Crashworthiness is another principal task for the car manufacturers. For this purpose, additional parts exist in the car body, such as frontal crash bumper beams, crash boxes, and side door anti-intrusion bars. In the presented study, the side door anti-intrusion bar was selected to analyze with different composite materials to compare to existing steel models by using Finite Element Method (FEM). The same geometry but different thickness for Glass and Carbon fiber reinforced thermoset, and thermoplastic composites were applied in the FEM simulations. Selected material properties were obtained from the literature. Simulation results were compared to find highest bending rigidity and energy absorption capability of the anti-intrusion bar in the same boundary conditions and loading. Analyzed anti-intr

Keywords: Side door impact, Anti-intrusion Bar, Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Lightweight materials

Pages: 84 - 89 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-76

21. MODULE FOR VISUALIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF ERRORS IN MAKING THREADING TOOLS - MACHINE TAPS

Authors: STEFAN KARTUNOV , DETELINA ANGELOVA

Abstract: The approach, methods and means to build a research and information system and module for visualization and analysis of errors in making threading tools - machine taps for internal threadsM4, M6, M8, M10 are presented.

Keywords: module for visualization and analysis of errors

Pages: 95 - 99 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-093-4-85