7 Articles Published

1. INHIBITOR OF NF-B PATHWAY (JSH - 23) INHIBIT OXIDATIVE STRESS GENERATED BY ENDOTHELIN-1(ET-1)

Authors: GORACA ANNA , SKIBSKA BEATA

Abstract: ET-1 is an endogenous, vasoconstrictive peptide which can induce overproduction of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of JSH-23 (inhibitor of NF-κB pathway) on ET-1 induced oxidative stress and inflammation, and whether this actions is associated with activation of Nrf2 pathway. Experiments were performed on rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1 (control group): received two doses of 0.2 ml saline, 0.5 h apart. Group 2 (saline + ET-1 group; served as ET-1 control): the rats were given 0.2 ml saline and ET-1 (8 µg/kg) 0.5 h later. Group 3 (saline + JSH-23): rats received 0.2 ml of JSH-23 (2mg/kg) and 30 min later 0.2 ml of saline. Group 4 (JSH-23+ET-1): rats received a single dose of JSH-23 (2 mg/kg) and a single dose of ET-1 (8 µg/kg) after 0.5 h. ET-1 administration caused increase in TNF–α level and expression of subunit p65 NF-κB and decrease in SOD-1 level and Nrf2 expression. H

Keywords: endothelin-1 (ET-1), inhibitor of NF-κB pathway (JSH - 23), oxidative stress, inflammation.

Pages: 3 - 7 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-31

2. EFFECTS OF OXYTETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTIC ON GST ENZYME ACTIVITY AND GENE EXPRESSION LEVELS IN RAINBOW TROUT

Authors: ABDULKADIR CILTAS , YUSUF ZEKERIYA BALIK

Abstract: In this study, effects of oxytetracycline on glutathione s-transferase enzyme activity and gene expression levels in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver were investigated. For this purpose, liver tissues from rainbow trout exposed to oxytetracycline application were collected at third, sixth and 12th hours. The group not exposed to oxytetracycline was assigned as control. While the lowest enzyme activity of GST was at 12th, the highest enzyme activity was observed in control. While compared with the control group, enzyme activity at 12th hour was highly significant (p 0.001), the third and sixth hours groups were significant (p 0.05). The lowest gene expression level was found in 12th group and the highest level was the third. While compared with the control group, difference at the third hour of gene expression level was highly significant (p 0.001), at the sixth and 12th hours groups was not significant. As a result, there was understand that no correlation between gene express

Keywords: Oncorhynchus mykiss, Liver, Glutation STransferase, Oxytetracycline, Enzyme Activity.

Pages: 8 - 11 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-32

3. ONSET OF THERMAL CONVECTION OF A FLUID-SATURATED POROUS MEDIUM IN A VERTICAL CYLINDER WITH MIXED HEATING ON LATERAL WALL

Authors: I-CHUNG LIU , JAWALI C. UMAVATHI , YEN-TSUNG CHANG

Abstract: In this paper we examine the thermal-convective stability of a fluid-saturated porous medium filled within a vertical cylindrical container heated from below. The upper and lower surfaces of the cylinder are impermeable and are kept at constant but different temperatures. The lateral sidewall is impermeable and subject to mixed heating which is characterized by the Biot number. The threshold of Rayleigh number, above which the small disturbance becomes unstable, is sought from the characteristic equation. Our results show that the preferred mode at onset is always axisymmetric for all aspect ratios when Biot number approaches infinitely, and it becomes non-monotonic variation with respect to aspect ratio when Biot number is finite.

Keywords: thermal convection, porous medium, Newtonian heating, cylindrical container, Biot number.

Pages: 12 - 16 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-33

4. DYNAMICS ON A TWO-PREY AND ONE-PREDATOR SYSTEM WITH HYBRID FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES

Authors: HUNKI BAEK

Abstract: In this paper, to depict the ecological world realistically, we adopt a two preys and one predator system with hybrid types of functional response, Holling type and Beddington-DeAngelis type. In fact, we show that this system is dissipative and find a necessary condition for the existence of the predator species. In addition, conditions for the persistence of the system are found. And we give a numerical example to attest to our theoretical results. Furthermore, the existence of chaotic phenomena is illustrated by bifurcation diagrams of the system.

Keywords: predator-prey system, Holling type, Beddington-DeAngelis type, dissipative system, persistence, bifurcation diagram.

Pages: 23 - 26 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-35

5. LOAD AND NO-LOAD TESTS OF THE THERMOELECTRIC BRAIN COOLER DESIGNED FOR BRAIN HYPOTHERMIA

Authors: ABDULLAH HAKAN YAVUZ , RASIT AHISKA

Abstract: A helmet was designed in this study using flexible thermoelectric modules for locally controlled cooling and heating of brain. Controller design of the cooler helmet was carried out under fuzzy logic control according to the data obtained in the previous tests on flexible thermoelectric modules used in the helmet. Test assembly was prepared for load and no load tests of the helmet in laboratory environment. A balloon with 6 liters of water was used to test the load operation of the helmet. These parameters were evaluated and discussed with respect to brain hypothermia. Power of the brain cooling system is 1.2 kW, cooling capacity is 140 w, coefficient of performance (COP) 0.6, load heating speed is 0.5 °C/minute and load cooling speed is 0.4 °C/minute. Magnetic field around the helmet was measured as 11 µT. Tests on the model showed that the helmet is one of the most important alternatives to cooling the brain locally, controlled heating when necessary as well as keeping it at the same

Keywords: Hypothermia, Brain cooler, thermolecetric

Pages: 27 - 33 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-36

6. A GREEN APPROACH TOWARDS THE PRODUCTION OF ZINC OXIDE SCAFFOLDS

Authors: RAMESH JAGANNATHAN , SUDHIR KUMAR SHARMA

Abstract: We report a novel method for the fabrication of porous zinc oxide scaffolds by a scalable supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2) based nebulization process. This process consists of mixing of sc-CO2 stream with zinc acetate solution under supercritical conditions. This process consists of evaporation of CO2 enriched water micro-droplets deposited from an aerosol onto heated substrates. Our process is readily scalable to produce zinc oxide scaffolds on a manufacturing scale.

Keywords: Zinc Oxide, scanning electron microscopy. Blue

Pages: 1 - 2 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-30

7. POLITICAL ECONOMY OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND FRAMEWORK OF CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT

Authors: MITSUO YOSHIDA

Abstract: This paper discusses the municipal solid waste management problem which occurs in urban areas of developing countries, with special regard to the political economy of the following topics: urbanization and waste problem; waste problem and needs for municipal solid waste management; and financial issue of municipal solid waste management. For the solution of the municipal solid waste problem in urban areas it is necessary to transform the system to more effective and efficient with financial viability. Capacity Development (CD) of entire society of city is required and CD support framework is proposed.

Keywords: Urbanization, Solid Waste Management, Political

Pages: 17 - 22 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-106-1-34