10 Articles Published

1. EMISSION ANALYSIS OF NON EDIBLE JATROPHA CURCUS AND MADHUCA LONGIFOLIA B20 BLENDS WITH EDIBLE OIL ENVIRONMENT ENGINNERING

Authors: RAJESH K SHARMA , VIPAN K SOHPAL

Abstract: Diminishing of conventional fuels and excessive use of fuels leads to deterioration of the environment, which focuses the research on biofuels. Biofuels from different sources attract the attention of research due to low emission and biodegradability. This paper examines and compares the emission of Jatropha Curcus (JCO) and Madhuca Longifolia (MIO) B20% blends with vegetable oil. Engine emission results indicated that JCO 20 and MIO 20 fuels reduced the average emission of carbon monoxide by 12 and 11% respectively, and hydrocarbons by 15 and 12% respectively. However, the JCO 20 and MIO 20 fuels slightly increased nitrous oxide emission by 7 and 9%, respectively, and carbon dioxide by 7 and 5% respectively compared to conventional diesel. In conclusion, JCO and MIO are potential feedstock for biodiesel production and produce cleaner exhaust emission.

Keywords: Jatropha Curcus, Madhuca Longifolia, Emissions, Biofuels

Pages: 1 - 4 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-01

2. CONSTRUCTING A FAST BIOINFORMATICS ALGORITHM TO SOLVE CANCER GENOME ASSEMBLY USING ENHANCED EULER PATH ON CONSTRUCTED DE BRUIJN BIOINFORMATICS GRAPH

Authors: DIO FENG-YU CHUNG , JACK DAO-JIE LI , KUN-YU HUNG , MICHAEL SHAN-HUI HO , PAUL PIN-SHUO HUANG

Abstract: Cancer is defined as a disease that involves changes or mutations in the cell genome. Cancer genome sequencing has been recognized as a NP problem. Cancer genome sequencing includes cancer genome assembly and cancer genome alignment is through early detection improving survival opportunity of cancer patients. In this research, a bioinformatics approach uses a proposed modified Euler path on a constructed De Bruijn cancer genome graph for solving cancer genome assembly. This fast DNA algorithm fully utilizes parallelism to conquer time complexity bottleneck, and improves any cancer genome Assembly more efficient. The experimental results of cancer genome reassemble is estimated in O(n3) polynomial bound.

Keywords: Cancer Genome Assembly; Cancer Genome Alignment; De Bruijn Graphs; Euler Path

Pages: 5 - 10 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-02

3. A FAST BIOINFORMATICS APPROACH FOR SOLVING BACKTRACKING OF DNA SEQUENCE EVOLUTION IN ONE DIMENSIONAL CELLULAR AUTOMATA

Authors: KUN-YU HUNG , MICHAEL SHAN-HUI HO , PAUL PIN-SHUO HUANG , ELIZABETH HSIN-YU LI , KEVIN KAI-WEN CHENG

Abstract: It is a well-known fact that the DNA mutation plays a very important role in DNA sequence evolution. The backtracking problem of DNA sequence evolution in one dimensional cellular automata (CA) has ben recognized as a NP problem. In this research, a newly developed bioinformatics approach constructs a DNA sequence evolution model in using one dimensional cellular automata. Its corresponding backtracking of DNA sequence evolution is accomplished by an order-finding bioinformatics algorithm for efficient operations. The time complexity of a proposed bioinformatics approach for DNA sequence evolution in one dimensional cellular automata is found in O(n2) polynomial bound. Our newly developed algorithms for solving backtracking of DNA sequence evolution in one dimensional CA are also in O(n2) polynomial bound.

Keywords: DNA sequence evolution, DNA mutation, Cellular Automata, Bioinformatics,Order-finding.

Pages: 11 - 16 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-03

4. THE USE OF AGRO WASTE ALPINIA GALANGA FIBERS AS REINFORCEMENT IN POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES

Authors: ASMADI A. , M. AWANG , MOHD AIDIL A. A , NORA'AINI A.

Abstract: Employing fibers particularly those from renewable materials as an alternative to inorganic fibers in composites is part of the effort to promote bio-based products as well as to broaden recycling of solid wastes. In this work, the use of agro waste Alpinia galanga (AG) as composite reinforcement was investigated in terms of tensile properties, thermal stability, morphology and water absorption. Composites based on AG fibers and high density polyethylene (HDPE) were prepared together with an additive, eco-degradant (ECO) and a compatibilizer, polyethylene-g-maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) in a mixer, Brabender Plastograph EC at various AG fiber loadings. The results reveal that the composite formulation enabled AG fibers to function as reinforcement in HDPE-based composites. The presence of ECO at 15 wt% fiber loading improved tensile strength up to 33.6 MPa, about 21 % higher than that of pristine HDPE (27.8 MPa). The addition of MA-g-PE at 10 wt% fiber loading also indicates comparable te

Keywords: Agro waste, Alpinia galanga, composites, ecodegradant, properties

Pages: 23 - 27 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-05

5. NOVEL BIOSORBENT FOR DYE REMOVAL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF COEXISTING IONS

Authors: AYCA ATA , BIKEM OVEZ , ORKUN OVEZ NALCACI

Abstract: With the common use of dyes and pigments in textile, tannery, food, paper and pulp, printing, carpet and mineral processing industries, they became as serious polluters of our environment as far as color pollution is concerned. Due to discharge of these effluents into natural streams, the sunlight penetration into the stream is inhibited and photosynthetic activity is reduced which directly affects the biotic life. By considering the carcinogenic and mutagenic nature of dyes, the removal of these pollutants from aquatic environments become as a serious concern. However treating of dye bearing wastewaters by conventional treatment methods is a complex problem. The most commonly used method for color removal is biological oxidation and chemical precipitation. However, these processes are effective and economic only in the case where the solute concentration is relatively high. Currently sorption process is proved to be an effective alternate for the treatment of dye wastewaters. Activate

Keywords: nanoparticles, multi-component biosorption, background ions, dye

Pages: 28 - 28 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-06

6. FE2O3 NANOPARTICLE LOADED GRACILARIA VERRUCOSA BIOMASS PERFORMANCE FOR REMOVAL OF CU(II) AND CD(II) IONS FROM SINGLE AND BINARY SOLUTIONS

Authors: AYCA ATA , BIKEM OVEZ , ORKUN OVEZ NALCACI

Abstract: Human activities introduce heavy metals to the hydrosphere in many ways such as burning of fossil fuels, smelting of ores, municipal sewage, industrial effluent, mining activities, landfill, mineral weathering, underground toxic waste disposal, etc.. These contaminants, regardless of their sources, are easily dispersed into the aquatic system, and tend to accumulate in living organisms, resulting in various disorders and diseases in the ecosystem. Over the last decades, biosorption has gained importance in the field of water and wastewater treatment. Many studies have demonstrated that biosorption, a part of being a low cost technique, is simple, environmentally friendly and shows a good performance for the separation and removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. Since, it is unusual to find stream of wastewater contaminated by only a sole pollutant, the intensity of interaction which depends on concentration of each component of a multi-component system should be considered. Beside

Keywords: Fe2O3 nanoparticles, multi-component biosorption, heavy metal, modelling

Pages: 29 - 29 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-07

7. BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS VIA NATURAL COMPOUNDS EXTRACTED FROM MICROALGAL BIOMASS

Authors: BIKEM OVEZ

Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to obtain value-added biobased products such as free fatty acids, phenolic compounds extracted from a microalga species, Nitzschia sp.. The lipid content of the microalga was determined after the Soxhlet extraction applied to freeze-dried biomass. The lipophilic phase soluble in hexane obtained as a result of extraction was distilled and fatty acids were derivatized to fatty acid methylesters (FAME) before the GC/FID analysis, where the fatty acid composition was identified. This oil phase gave response to 20 of 37 components present in the FAME mix standard. The major components found in Nitzschia sp. were palmitic acid (C16:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), myristic acid (C14:0), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (C20:5ω-3), respectively. Ethanol extraction was applied to the remaining phase and this solid extract was evaluated in terms of polyphenolic content, antioxidant capacity and bioactivity. Phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins

Keywords: Biomass, extraction, antioxidant, polyphenol, bioactivity

Pages: 30 - 30 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-08

8. IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION MODELING OF ORGANIC CONTAMINANT

Authors: SHASHI MATHUR , SUDHEER CH

Abstract: The contamination of groundwater has been a major challenge faced by environmentalists in the recent past. Organic contaminants can enter the groundwater environment from a variety of sources that include toxic waste disposal sites, accidental chemical spills and improperly designed or maintained chemical transportation and storage facilities. Groundwater contamination by the organic chemicals is of immense concern because of their widespread use and harmful effect even when present at very low concentrations. Though organic compounds are usually less soluble in groundwater than many inorganic contaminants of interest, they often dissolve to concentration values that far exceed levels considered acceptable for human consumption. Remediation efforts are normally resorted to at contaminated sites to contain the contaminant plume, to eliminate and finally to extract the contaminants during the restoration work. A Finite difference model is also developed to simulate the process of in-situ

Keywords: Ground water Modelling, In-situ Bio Remedaition, Finit Differnce technique.

Pages: 31 - 34 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-09

9. CLASSIFICATION DNA SEQUENCES OF BACTERIAS USING MULTI LIBRARY WAVELET NETWORKS

Authors: ABDESSELEM DAKHLI , CHOKRI BEN AMAR , WAJDI BELLIL

Abstract: Genomic sequences allow to classify organisms into different categories and classes which have significant biological knowledge and can justify the evolution and identification of unknown organisms. Also they study mutual relations between organisms. The purpose of this classification is to study living organisms. Our system consists in three phases. The first phase is called transformation wich is composed of three steps; binary codification of DNA sequence, Fourier Transform and Power Spectrum Signal Processing. The second phase is called approximation. This phase is empowered by the use of Multi Library Wavelet Neural Networks (MLWNN).The third phase is called classification wich is realized by applying the algorithm of hierarchical classification. The results of this contribution are more interesting in comparison with some others works, in terms of rate classification using bacteria database.

Keywords: Classification, DNA, wavelet networks, power spectrum, Multi Library Wavelet Neural Network

Pages: 39 - 45 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-019-4-12

10. SYNTACTIC ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION ON DIFFERENT PRIMARY SCHOOL BUILDINGS IN TURKEY

Authors: BILGEHAN YILMAZ CAKMAK , HATICE DERYA ARSLAN

Abstract: In this study, spatial relatedness of three different primary school projects (I, L and E type projects) applied throughout Turkey were analyzed mathematically with the method of space syntax. With graph theory methodology, spatial structure of primary schools obtained and compared with each other according to connectivity degrees and spatial structures. As a result of comparisons, the integration, connectivity and mean depth values of the classrooms, social spaces and lecturer rooms have been analyzed. For obtaining the comparisons, syntactical analyses have been done and justified graph maps have been analyzed. These maps have drawn with software of space syntax methodology named “Depthmap”. According to study, the perceptibility and readability of primary school building project which has selected in three different types (I, L and E) can easily be detected by using space syntax method. As a result of syntactic analyses I type project showed the most satisfactory results in all case

Keywords: Education, primary school buildings, primary school project, space syntax

Pages: 9 - 13 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-15