16 Articles Published

1. CLASSIFICATION OF PAPER-BASED ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

Authors: CHUSAK THANAWATTANO , DUSIT THANAPATAY

Abstract: A method for the automatic classification of paper-based electrocardiogram (ECG) ispresented.An automated classification system of digital ECG has been developing for a few years. However, in reality, ECG signal usually recorded on the paper which cannot be directly analyzed by the computer. To extract the feature of signal, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Hybrid Discriminant Analysis (HDA) have been used to perform in this issue. ECG shape form scanned image was detected by many image processing techniques. Example data was obtained from MIT-BIH database. This investigation uses Support Vector Machine (SVM) to create the classifier model. This experiment resulted in anaccuracy of 98.73%.

Keywords: Classification , Paper-based, Electrocardiogram

Pages: 6 - 9 | DOI: 102

2. PEMFC MODELING CONSIDERING DESTRUCTIVE SIGNAL AND DESIGN ADAPTIVE FILTER

Authors: H. A. AALAMI , M. KHORASANI

Abstract: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can be used in transportation, power plants and distributed generation due to high power density and fast speed of operation. Dynamic modeling of fuel cells is a primary need for performance assessment studies of real-time and controller design. Some new models of Simulink use artificial intelligence for making graph output model. Neural network is one of these models. Neural network just uses input – output data that has obtained in several experiments and does not need to set all the parameters. In this paper, first, the PEMFC has been simulated using feedforward neural networks. This network has been trained using different algorithms and the results were compared to determine the appropriate algorithm by MADM methods. Then the effect of destructive signal on the neural network is evaluated and the authors are attempted to reduce this effect by developing a suitable adaptive filte

Keywords: ANN, DG, entropy, filter, MADM, PEMFC, SAW

Pages: 10 - 15 | DOI: 103

3. IMPACT OF SAMPLING THEOREM ON PILOT AIDED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR OFDM BASED MULTI-CARRIER SYSTEM

Authors: RICHA BHATT , SHWETA SHAH

Abstract: Wireless multimedia has created boom in today’s era. It is just a fraction of seconds to get information at any time anywhere. All these because of the development of multicarrier communication system, OFDM, which provides high data rate as well as high speed. With that channel estimation becomes more challenging. In such multicarrier systems the time varying channel is often estimated based on different algorithms. These algorithms are basically categorised as blind and non-blind channel estimation techniques. Due to the limitations of blind algorithms such as requirement of the statistical knowledge of received signal, the non-blind i.e. pilot aided channel estimation have become more popular. In such techniques known symbols to the receiver called pilots are inserted in the OFDM data symbols and they should be close enough to fulfil the Nyquist sampling theorem for pilot spacing [1].

Keywords: Channel Estimation, LS (Least Square), MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error), Nyquist Sampling Theorem, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

Pages: 16 - 20 | DOI: 104

4. IMPACT OF SAMPLING THEOREM ON PILOT AIDED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR OFDM BASED MULTI-CARRIER SYSTEM

Authors: RICHA BHATT , SHWETA SHAH

Abstract: Wireless multimedia has created boom in today’s era. It is just a fraction of seconds to get information at any time anywhere. All these because of the development of multicarrier communication system, OFDM, which provides high data rate as well as high speed. With that channel estimation becomes more challenging. In such multicarrier systems the time varying channel is often estimated based on different algorithms. These algorithms are basically categorised as blind and non-blind channel estimation techniques. Due to the limitations of blind algorithms such as requirement of the statistical knowledge of received signal, the non-blind i.e. pilot aided channel estimation have become more popular. In such techniques known symbols to the receiver called pilots are inserted in the OFDM data symbols and they should be close enough to fulfil the Nyquist sampling theorem for pilot spacing [1].

Keywords: Channel Estimation, LS (Least Square), MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error), Nyquist Sampling Theorem, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

Pages: 16 - 20 | DOI: 104

5. LOW COST MULTI-LEAD ECG SIGNAL ACQUISITION IN REAL TIME WITH TELEMETRIC CAPABILITY

Authors: SUREKHA K S , PUSHPRAJ , SALAUDDIN SHAIKH

Abstract: This paper presents system design aiming to provide LOW COST solutions to the problems encountered in acquiring Electrocardiograph(ECG) signals in monitoring mode (ECG bandwidth--0.5-35Hz) from the body, as well as providing remote transmission of ECG data through Telemetry. Two separate devices have been constructed to achieve the overall goal. Overall hardware design includes three parts namely front end analog section (acquisition), processing section, and transmission section (telemetry). The software part is implemented using visual basic to get real time data display which is required for continuous monitoring of the patient. This paper aims on achieving minimum possible cost for acquiring ECG signal. The system implemented also allows advance warning operations of heart abnormalities.

Keywords: ECG, Telemetry, AD620

Pages: 26 - 28 | DOI: 106

6. TUNABLE OTA LOW PASS FILTER WITH THE FRACTIONAL-ORDER STEP TECHNIQUE

Authors: TANET SUKSANG , VIROTE PIRAJNANCHAI , WISIT LOEDHAMMACAKRA

Abstract: This paper presents the tunable technique of the analog filter at high frequency fp = 1 MHz by used the Fractional-order (n+α) step, where n is an original of integer-order on circuit and a is an approximation order step 0 < α < 1 , An approximation order is designed from the Fractance circuits, and also presents the approximation function of the Fractional-order Laplacian Sα design on the OTA low-pass filter circuit. This circuit used single active component. OTA and CFA components are in monolithic chip (IC LT1228).The CFA design with the Fractional-order elements to feedback control the OTA for relative stabilty gain of amplifier. The results shown that tunable filter by Fractional-order step technique provides the flat passband and reduced the peaking problem and improved slope of magnitude response of filter and result comparable with high-order filters.

Keywords: Operation Transconductance; Fractional-order; Low Pass filter; Fractance circuits

Pages: 29 - 32 | DOI: 107

7. TUNABLE OTA LOW PASS FILTER WITH THE FRACTIONAL-ORDER STEP TECHNIQUE

Authors: TANET SUKSANG , VIROTE PIRAJNANCHAI , WISIT LOEDHAMMACAKRA

Abstract: This paper presents the tunable technique of the analog filter at high frequency fp = 1 MHz by used the Fractional-order (n+α) step, where n is an original of integer-order on circuit and a is an approximation order step 0 < α < 1 , An approximation order is designed from the Fractance circuits, and also presents the approximation function of the Fractional-order Laplacian Sα design on the OTA low-pass filter circuit. This circuit used single active component. OTA and CFA components are in monolithic chip (IC LT1228).The CFA design with the Fractional-order elements to feedback control the OTA for relative stabilty gain of amplifier. The results shown that tunable filter by Fractional-order step technique provides the flat passband and reduced the peaking problem and improved slope of magnitude response of filter and result comparable with high-order filters.

Keywords: Operation Transconductance; Fractional-order; Low Pass filter; Fractance circuits

Pages: 29 - 32 | DOI: 107

8. ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORM BASED ECG COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES

Authors: AMOL PARAB , KSHITIJ PAWAR , VIKRAMADITYA DANGI

Abstract: Electrocardiogram storage is of utmost importance to enable the correct diagnosis of a patient. This storage demands large quantities of memory as the records increase by the millions each year. Hence, the compression of these waveforms is of great significance. This paper proposes to compare various transform based techniques used to compress an ECG waveform. The performance of these techniques is measured through various parameters to obtain the most efficient one.

Keywords: ECG Compression, DCT, DCT-II, DST, FFT, Wavelet, Walsh Transform

Pages: 33 - 37 | DOI: 108

9. NEURAL NETWORK PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF UPFC FOR ENHANCING TRANSIENT STABILITY PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE MACHINE INFINITE BUS SYSTEM

Authors: R. JHA , R. NARESH , SHEELA TIWARI

Abstract: With an increase in power transfer, transient stability is increasingly becoming important for secure operation. With the advent of FACTS devices, the problem of transient stability is being addressed and efforts are under way to utilize the systems to their full capacity. The focus of this work is a neural network predictive controller for a versatile FACTs device, Unified Power Flow Controller, which can be utilized to improve the transient stability performance of the system. A single machine infinite bus system subjected to a 3-phase short circuit fault is used to demonstrate the superior damping performance of the proposed controller in comparison to the conventional PI controller

Keywords: ansient stability, neural network, predictive control, UPFC

Pages: 21 - 25 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-105

10. HYBRID AES-DES BLOCK CIPHER: IMPLEMENTATION USING XILINX ISE 9.1I

Authors: ANURHEA DUTTA , PRERNA BHARTI , SUREKHA K S , SWATI AGRAWAL

Abstract: In this era of information, need for protection of data is more pronounced than ever. Secure communication is necessary to protect sensitive information in military and government institutions as well as private individuals. Current encryption standards are used to encrypt and protect data not only during transmission but storage as well. Data Encryption Standard was introduced in early 1970s as a standard cryptographic algorithm to protect data. However, due to its short 56-bit key length, simple brute force attacks cracked it in less than 10 hrs. Another disadvantage was also the possibility of weak and semi weak keys. In the year 2000, Rijndael Encryption algorithm or AES was chosen by National Institite of Standards and Technology(NIST) to be adopted by the U.S. Government as the new Encryption standard to replace the outdated and easily crackable DES. The major advantage lay in the non-linearity of the key-schedule which eliminated the possibility of weak and semi weak keys. This

Keywords: AES, DES, Hybrid algorithm, security enhancement, VHDL, FPGA implementation, Xilinx.

Pages: 1 - 5 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-101

11. CLASSIFICATION OF PAPER-BASED ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

Authors: CHUSAK THANAWATTANO , DUSIT THANAPATAY , GARN WUNGKOBKIAT

Abstract: A method for the automatic classification of paper-based electrocardiogram (ECG) ispresented.An automated classification system of digital ECG has been developing for a few years. However, in reality, ECG signal usually recorded on the paper which cannot be directly analyzed by the computer. To extract the feature of signal, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Hybrid Discriminant Analysis (HDA) have been used to perform in this issue. ECG shape form scanned image was detected by many image processing techniques. Example data was obtained from MIT-BIH database. This investigation uses Support Vector Machine (SVM) to create the classifier model. This experiment resulted in anaccuracy of 98.73%.

Keywords: Electrocardiogram (ECG); feature extraction; paper- based ECG; ECG classificati

Pages: 6 - 9 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-102

12. PEMFC MODELING CONSIDERING DESTRUCTIVE SIGNAL AND DESIGN ADAPTIVE FILTER

Authors: H. A. AALAMI , M. KHORASANI

Abstract: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can be used in transportation, power plants and distributed generation due to high power density and fast speed of operation. Dynamic modeling of fuel cells is a primary need for performance assessment studies of real-time and controller design. Some new models of Simulink use artificial intelligence for making graph output model. Neural network is one of these models. Neural network just uses input – output data that has obtained in several experiments and does not need to set all the parameters. In this paper, first, the PEMFC has been simulated using feedforward neural networks. This network has been trained using different algorithms and the results were compared to determine the appropriate algorithm by MADM methods. Then the effect of destructive signal on the neural network is evaluated and the authors are attempted to reduce this effect by developing a suitable adaptive filte

Keywords: ANN, DG, entropy, filter, MADM, PEMFC, SAW

Pages: 10 - 15 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-103

13. IMPACT OF SAMPLING THEOREM ON PILOT AIDED CHANNEL ESTIMATION FOR OFDM BASED MULTI-CARRIER SYSTEM

Authors: RICHA BHATT , SHWETA SHAH

Abstract: Wireless multimedia has created boom in today’s era. It is just a fraction of seconds to get information at any time anywhere. All these because of the development of multicarrier communication system, OFDM, which provides high data rate as well as high speed. With that channel estimation becomes more challenging. In such multicarrier systems the time varying channel is often estimated based on different algorithms. These algorithms are basically categorised as blind and non-blind channel estimation techniques. Due to the limitations of blind algorithms such as requirement of the statistical knowledge of received signal, the non-blind i.e. pilot aided channel estimation have become more popular. In such techniques known symbols to the receiver called pilots are inserted in the OFDM data symbols and they should be close enough to fulfil the Nyquist sampling theorem for pilot spacing [1]. This paper shows the simulation results to prove the sampling on the channel estimatio

Keywords: Channel Estimation, LS (Least Square), MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error), Nyquist Sampling Theorem, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).

Pages: 16 - 20 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-104

14. LOW COST MULTI-LEAD ECG SIGNAL ACQUISITION IN REAL TIME WITH TELEMETRIC CAPABILITY

Authors: PUSHPRAJ , SALAUDDIN SHAIKH , SUREKHA K S

Abstract: This paper presents system design aiming to provide LOW COST solutions to the problems encountered in acquiring Electrocardiograph(ECG) signals in monitoring mode (ECG bandwidth--0.5-35Hz) from the body, as well as providing remote transmission of ECG data through Telemetry. Two separate devices have been constructed to achieve the overall goal. Overall hardware design includes three parts namely front end analog section (acquisition), processing section, and transmission section (telemetry). The software part is implemented using visual basic to get real time data display which is required for continuous monitoring of the patient. This paper aims on achieving minimum possible cost for acquiring ECG signal. The system implemented also allows advance warning operations of heart abnormalities.

Keywords: ECG, Telemetry, AD620.

Pages: 26 - 28 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-106

15. TUNABLE OTA LOW PASS FILTER WITH THE FRACTIONAL-ORDER STEP TECHNIQUE

Authors: TANET SUKSANG , VIROTE PIRAJNANCHAI , WISIT LOEDHAMMACAKRA

Abstract: This paper presents the tunable technique of the analog filter at high frequency fp = 1 MHz by used the Fractional-order (n+α) step, where n is an original of integer-order on circuit and a is an approximation order step 0 < α < 1 , An approximation order is designed from the Fractance circuits, and also presents the approximation function of the Fractional-order Laplacian Sα design on the OTA low-pass filter circuit. This circuit used single active component. OTA and CFA components are in monolithic chip (IC LT1228).The CFA design with the Fractional-order elements to feedback control the OTA for relative stabilty gain of amplifier. The results shown that tunable filter by Fractional-order step technique provides the flat passband and reduced the peaking problem and improved slope of magnitude response of filter and result comparable with high-order filters

Keywords: Operation Transconductance; Fractional-order; Low Pass filter; Fractance circuits

Pages: 29 - 32 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-107

16. ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORM BASED ECG COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES

Authors: AMOL PARAB , KSHITIJ PAWAR , VIKRAMADITYA DANGI

Abstract: Electrocardiogram storage is of utmost importance to enable the correct diagnosis of a patient. This storage demands large quantities of memory as the records increase by the millions each year. Hence, the compression of these waveforms is of great significance. This paper proposes to compare various transform based techniques used to compress an ECG waveform. The performance of these techniques is measured through various parameters to obtain the most efficient one.

Keywords: ECG Compression, DCT, DCT-II, DST, FFT, Wavelet, Walsh Transform

Pages: 33 - 37 | DOI: 10.15224/978-981-07-2683-6-108