10 Articles Published

1. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN CIVIL, STRUCTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING - ACSEE 2013

Authors: ALIAS MOHD NOOR , MUHAMMAD HANAFI MD SAH , SHEIKH HUSSAIN SHAIKH SALLEH , SRITHAR RAJOO

Abstract: Discharge of a large volume of steam from a boiler to atmosphere is a complicated and risky task. It can cause damage to equipment or even injury to personnel in the vicinity. A device was designed, based on the arrangement of a valve and vent pipe junction, such that no excessive load arising from the thermal expansion or reaction induced movement is transmitted back to the valve discharge branch, thus avoiding valve malfunction. Specimens were designed and fabricated to satisfy the actual working conditions. Both air and steam were used in the experimental works. Theoretical and experimental results were then studied on the flow phenomenon of the connection. This study leads to a design analysis of the safety valve-vent pipe. The results have shown good correlations between the theoretical and experimental results and thus lead to the prediction of valve-vent pipe sizing

Keywords: design, fluid mechanics, process control, product design, safety

Pages: 1 - 9 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-79

2. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL WITH REFORMING AND WATER-SHIFT REACTION

Authors: MING-JUN KUO , PING YUAN , SYU-FANG LIU

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of reforming reaction and water-shift reactions on the performance of a SOFC stack. This study utilizes a software package to solve the cell temperature and current density distribution of each stack in this 10-stack SOFC. The results show that the reforming reaction and water-shift reaction can effectively promote the total power and drop the current density deviation, but slightly affect the average cell temperature and cell temperature deviation. Therefore, these two reactions are advanced for the operation of a SOFC stack.

Keywords: Reforming reaction, Water-shift reaction, Cell temperature, Current density, Solid oxide fuel cell

Pages: 10 - 14 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-80

3. STUDIES ON PERFORMANCE, COMBUSTION AND EXHAUST EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF COPPER COATED TWO STROKE SPARK IGNITION ENGINE WITH ALCOHOL BLENDED GASOLINE

Authors: S.NARASIMHA KUMAR

Abstract: investigation were carried out to evaluate the performance of two-stroke, single cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine with alcohol blended (80% gasoline, 10% ethanol and 10% methanol by volume) having copper coated combustion chamber [copper-(thickness, 300 μ) coated on piston crown, and inner side of cylinder head]. Performance parameters [brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature and volumetric efficiency] and Exhaust emissions of CO and UBHC were determined at various values of brake mean effective pressure of the engine, combustion characteristics [peak pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise, time of occurrence of peak pressure and maximum heat release] and aldehydes were measured by wet chemical method at full load operation of the engine. A microprocessor-based analyzer was used for the measurement of CO/UBHC in the exhaust of the engine. Comparative studies were made on performance parameters, combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions with conventional and copper

Keywords: S.I .Engine, Copper coating, Performance, combustion characteristics

Pages: 15 - 20 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-81

4. THE ROLE OF MAGNESIUM OXIDE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Y-TZP CERAMIC

Authors: D. RAGURAJAN, M. GOLIESKARDI

Abstract: An investigation has been carried out into the effects of magnesium oxide additions in the 0.1 to 1.0 wt% range on the properties and behavior of Y-TZP. All samples have been sintered over the temperature range of 1200°C to 1500°C with a ramp rate of 10°C/ minute and 2 hours of holding time. Upon reaching the peak temperature, the sintering temperature was immediately brought down to a holding temperature of 1250°C and held for 4 hours. Green samples were compacted by uniaxial pressing and cold isostatically pressed at 200 MPa. The results show that the addition of 0.3 wt% MgO was effective in aiding densification (~99% theoretical density). The MgO addition to the Y-TZP matrix also displayed an increment of flexural strength as the content increased. Bulk density and Vickers hardness show the beneficial effect of MgO in aiding the densification of Y-TZP ceramics.

Keywords: Magnesium Oxide; sintering behavior; Y-TZP

Pages: 21 - 25 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-82

5. SINTERING AND DENSIFICATION BEHAVIOR OF NB2 O5 - DOPED Y-TZP CERAMICS

Authors: D. RAGURAJAN, M. GOLIESKARDI

Abstract: The effect on densification and mechanical properties of 3 mol% Y-TZP ceramics doped with niobium oxide (0.1 wt. % to 1 wt. %), has been investigated in this study. Green samples were compacted by uniaxial pressing and cold isostatically pressed at 200 MPa. All samples have been sintered over the temperature range of 1250°C to 1500°C with a ramp rate of 10°C/ minute and 2 hours of holding time. The sintered bodies were examined to determine the phase content, bulk density, Vickers hardness and flexural strength of the Y-TZP material. The results showed that the addition of 1 wt. % Nb2O5 was effective in aiding densification (~99% theoretical density). It also improved the Vickers hardness (~13 GPa), when the samples were sintered below 1300°C compared to the undoped Y-TZP sintered at the same temperature. The Nb2O5 addition to the Y-TZP matrix also displayed an increment of flexural strength as the dopant content was increased.

Keywords: Niobium Pentoxide; sintering behaviour; Y-TZP; Ageing

Pages: 26 - 30 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-83

6. FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR APPLYING ELECTROSTATIC ADHESION ON WALL CLIMBING ROBOTS

Authors: M SREEKUMAR , S G PONNAMBALAM , K H KOH

Abstract: This paper presents a feasibility study for applying electrostatic actuators on wall climbing robot (WCR). These film actuators have generated useful level of attachment force on vertical wall surface. It works on non-conductive surface such as ceramic tiles. The confirmed advantages of electrostatic adhesion are encouraging for the development of WCR. Design considerations for the WCR are also discussed, to particularly include an active tail for countering pitch-back moment. The control strategy for WCR is not complicated and involves only a separate circuitry to provide HVdc to the electrostatic actuators. As a short summary, electrostatic adhesion is a feasible method to empower ordinary tracked mobile robot for becoming a WCR.

Keywords: electrostatic adhesion, wall climbing robot

Pages: 31 - 36 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-84

7. EFFECT OF REAGENT INJECTION AMOUNT AND HOLE SIZE ON NOX REDUCTION BY SNCR IN A CO BOILER

Authors: CHUN-LANG YEH

Abstract: This study investigates numerically the NOx reduction by SNCR in a CO boiler. The combustion and fluid flow in the FPC CO boiler is examined with emphasis on the effects of injection amount and hole size of reducing agent on NOx reduction. Simulation results indicate that NOx is formed mainly in the high temperature region near the boiler inlet where the mixing caused by swirler is strong. When reducing agent is injected from the boiler inlet, NOx reduction efficiency increases with the amount of reducing agent but gradually levels off. When the amount of reducing agent is increased to 2.5 times the default value, NOx reduction efficiency is 53%. On the other hand, when reducing agent is injected from 3.6m behind the boiler inlet, NOx concentration is not significantly influenced by the amount of reducing agent injected. Finally, when reducing agent is injected from the boiler inlet, the best NOx reduction efficiency is achieved when the size of reducing agent injection hole is the sma

Keywords: CO boiler; Combustion; Fluid Flow; SNCR; NOx Reduction

Pages: 37 - 42 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-85

8. A FUNDAMENTAL STUDY ON THE HULL FORM DESIGN METHOD FOR THE FORE-BODY OF MEDIUM-SIZED PASSENGER SHIP WITH GOOSENECK BULB

Authors: JIN-WON YU , YOUNG-GILL LEE

Abstract: This study investigates numerically the NOx reduction by SNCR in a CO boiler. The combustion and fluid flow in the FPC CO boiler is examined with emphasis on the effects of injection amount and hole size of reducing agent on NOx reduction. Simulation results indicate that NOx is formed mainly in the high temperature region near the boiler inlet where the mixing caused by swirler is strong. When reducing agent is injected from the boiler inlet, NOx reduction efficiency increases with the amount of reducing agent but gradually levels off. When the amount of reducing agent is increased to 2.5 times the default value, NOx reduction efficiency is 53%. On the other hand, when reducing agent is injected from 3.6m behind the boiler inlet, NOx concentration is not significantly influenced by the amount of reducing agent injected. Finally, when reducing agent is injected from the boiler inlet, the best NOx reduction efficiency is achieved when the size of reducing agent injection hole is the sma

Keywords: Passenger ship, Gooseneck bulb, Resistance performance, Optimization method

Pages: 43 - 47 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-86

9. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIQUID FUELS ON IMPACT PRESSURE OF SUPERSONIC LIQUID FUEL JETS

Authors: ANIRUT MATTHUJAK , PAKORN NGAWKET

Abstract: This study is to measure the impact pressure of supersonic liquid fuel jets injected in quiescent air at various stand-off distances from the nozzle exit. The main focus is to investigate the effect of different liquid fuel jets on the impact pressure. In this study, the supersonic liquid fuel jets are generated by the impact of a projectile, which known as impact driven method, launched by a horizontal single-stage gas gun (HSSGG). The impact pressures of the jets were measured by the PVDF pressure sensor. Moreover, the impact pressures were calculated from the water-hammer equation in order to compare with the measurement. From comparison, the impact pressure of all jets calculated from the equation and the measurement were different. From the measurement, the impact pressures of all jets decrease as the stand-off distance increases. The maximum impact pressure of diesel, kerosene, gasoline and alcohol jets is 662.37, 606.60, 559.50 and 699.5 MPa, respectively. Besides, it was found

Keywords: impact pressure, supersonic liquid fuel jets, impact driven method, PVDF pressure sensor, water-hammer equation

Pages: 48 - 51 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-109

10. TRANSONIC FLOW SIMULATION AROUND THE PLUNGING AIRFOIL WITH OSCILLATION OF FLOW BOUNDARY CONDITION

Authors: A.R. FAGHIHI , M.H DJAVARESHKIAN

Abstract: A new pressure based implicit procedure to solve the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations is developed to predict transonic viscous and inviscid flows around the plunging airfoil with high resolution scheme. In this process, nonorthogonal and non moving mesh with collocated finite volume formulation are used. In order to simulate plunging airfoil, oscillation of flow boundary condition is applied. The boundedness criteria for this procedure are determined from Normalized Variable Diagram (NVD) scheme. The procedure incorporates the eddy-viscosity turbulence model. In the new algorithm, the computation time is considerably reduced. This process is tested for inviscid and turbulent transonic aerodynamic flows around plunging airfoil. The results are compared with other existing numerical solutions and with experiment data. The comparisons show that the resolution quality of the developed algorithm is considerable.

Keywords: Plunging, Transonic, Inviscid, Viscous, Boundary condition

Pages: 52 - 56 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-008-8-116