Abstract: A public-private partnership (PPP) approach is essential to make the municipal solid waste management in Palestine more effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Presently more than 73% of joint service councils (JSCs) for solid waste management are conducting PPP. However, the current public-private partnership is mostly a "one-way" approach of just outsourcing from JSCs or public authorities to private firms. However, in the future, it will be required to be “two-way” approach in which the public and private sectors cooperate with each other to invest, operate, monitor, and evaluate the PPP project in a sustainable manner.

• Publication Date: 24-Jan-2021
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-191-7-03
• Views: 0
• Downloads: 0

Abstract: River Engineering preserves environment while protecting the rivers against advanced human activities and flooding. Natural rivers and alluvial channels are shaped by interactions of sediment transport and flow rate. Because of sediment-transport processes the cross section and alignment of alluvial rivers may vary continuously with time passage. Alluvial rivers transport sediment in suspension or bed load shaping their downstream river morphology, dynamics, and ecosystems. River morphology includes the migration of issues deposited by water flow in the river channel across its floodplain. Storage and hydropower dams control the flood flows and the sediment transport capacity to the river at dam site. Morphological characteristics of the Nile River are affected by several changes; bank erosion, bank retreat, bed degradation, bed aggradation and scour around bridge piers. Morphological changes of the Nile River experiences should be closely observed and estimated in order to avoid their

• Publication Date: 24-Jan-2021
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-191-7-04
• Views: 0
• Downloads: 0