Abstract: Based on previous work, we present a stage model for problem solving with conflicting goals (polytelic problem solving). That model predicts (a) a specific stage sequence, (b) specific strategic reactions due to failures, and (c) conditions for rumination. Tests of the model predictions are based on categorized think-aloud protocols. N = 20 subjects worked on a complex ecological microworld that required a series of 20 interdependent decisions with either goal independence or goal conflict. Qualitative results from think-aloud protocols and from decision times show (a) that peak episodes can be identified where failures happen, (b) that failure experiences during problem-solving and rumination occur in parallel, and (c) that adaptive problem solving leads to a more careful style of intervention after the first failure. The discussion addresses issues of model building and model testing as well as the connection between goal conflicts and complex problems.

• Publication Date: 26-Oct-2014
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-032-3-115
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Abstract: Antiretroviral treatment is found to be lacking in its ability to aid improvements in HIV-associated neurocognitive deficits. Despite the fact that a significant portion of South Africa’s population is affected by HIV-infection, no known studies on the potential benefits of cognitive rehabilitation therapy exist for this context. This study used a quasi-experimental research design and sought to provide preliminary findings on the application of a cognitive intervention program (Attention Process Training (APT) to improve attention function in a sample of children living with HIV/AIDS. Three vertically infected HIV-positive children were assigned to eight APT intervention training sessions addressing selective attention. Selective attention measures were taken before and after intervention training, using two subtests of the Test for Everyday Attention in Children (TEA-Ch). Although repeated non-parametric analyses showed non-significant findings for the pre and post scores after the A

• Publication Date: 26-Oct-2014
• DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-032-3-116
• Views: 0
• Downloads: 0