28 Articles Published

1. PROTECTIVE ACTION OF HERBAL MELANIN AGAINST CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY

Authors: ADIL HASEEB , ADILA EL-OBEID , KAMAL EL DIN EL TAHIR , MOHAMED ANWAR K ABDELHALIM

Abstract: The present study investigated the efficacy of a herbal melanin derived from Nigella sativa L. seed coats (NS melanin) on prevention of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced acute hepatic injury in Wistar rats. Hepatic damage due to CCl4 intoxication was assessed by quantifying the markers of hepatic oxidative damage, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and hepatic liver peroxide marker malondialdehyde (MDA). Treatment of the rats with CCl4 increased the levels of AST, ALT in the blood and MDA in liver homogenate. Pre-treatment with herbal melanin solutions resulted in significant reduction in the levels of the hepatic enzymes and peroxides in a dose related manner. Our findings provide evidence to demonstrate that Nigella sativa L. melanin has a potent hepato-protective effect on CCl4- induced liver injury in rats. It is proposed that the action of melanin is through its antioxidative and immunomodulatory activity via activation of Toll-like receptor 4 and subsequen

Keywords: Protective action; herbal melanin; carbon tetrachloride; hepatotoxicity

Pages: 1 - 6 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-01

2. RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BLOOD SERUM OF RATS AFTER IRRADIATION WITH GAMMA RADIATION DOSE IN VITRO

Authors: ALSHERI MOHAMED AHMAD ABD-ALHADI , MOHAMMED SULIMAN AL-AYED , SHERIF A. ABDELMOTTALEB MOUSSA

Abstract: The blood serum rheological properties can open the door to many investigators to find the convenient therapy for many cases of radiation exposure. The present study aimed to investigate the rheological properties of rat blood serum at wide range of shear rates after whole body irradiation with 75Gy gamma radiation dose in vitro. Thirty healthy male Wistar-Kyoto rats weighing 200 gm were used in this study. Animals were randomly divided into gamma-irradiated rat group (irradiated with 75Gy) and control rats group. The irradiation process was carried out using Co 60 source with 0.883 cG/sec dose rate. The rheological parameters measured were viscosity (cp), %torque, shear stress (dyne/cm2) and shear rate (s-1). The rat blood serum viscosity increased significantly in the gamma-irradiated rats group corresponding to each shear rate compared with the control. The relationship between viscosity and shear rate exhibited a Non-Newtonian behavior for the control and gamma-irradiated rats grou

Keywords: Rheological properties; gamma radiation doses; blood serum; rats

Pages: 7 - 11 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-02

3. CULTIVATION OF MEDICINAL MUSHROOMS GANODERMA LUCIDUM AND GRIFOLA FRONDOSA MYCELIA AND POLYSACCHARIDES IN BIOREACTORS

Authors: ANDREJ GREGORI , BOJANA BOH , BRANKA WRABER , JOZI HABIJANIC , MARIN BEROVIC , MIRJAN SVAGELJ

Abstract: Original strains of Ganoderma lucidum ( MZKI G97) and Grifola frondosa (GF3) isolated from Slovenian forests were cultivated using submerged and solid state cultivation. In 14 days submerged Ganoderma lucidum fed batch cultivation extracellular (1,7 g/L) and intracellular (0.45 g/L) polysaccharide fractions were isolated, up to 17.0 g/L dry fungal biomass was produced, while in 28 days Grifola frondosa fed batch cultivation 3.65 g/L of extracellular and 1.30 g/L intracellular polysaccharide and 15.2 g/L dry biomass was produced. In Ganoderma lucidum solid state cultivation in 18 days 5.77 mg /g extracellular and 1.45 mg /g intracellular polysaccharide was produced while in Grifola frondosa in 38 days cultivation of 0.70 extracellular and 3.80 mg/g of intracellular polysaccharide were produced. The isolated polysaccharides were mainly -D-glucanes. Immunostimulatory effects of isolates were tested on induction of cytokine (TNF- , IFN- and IL12) synthesis in primary cultures of human m

Keywords: Ganoderma lucidum, Grifola frondosa, polysaccharides, induction of cytokines, bioreactors, submerged, solid state cultivation

Pages: 12 - 16 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-03

4. SMART SPACE DESIGN FRAMEWORK

Authors: ARVIND D. SHALIGRAM , JAYASHRI A. BANGALI

Abstract: Smart space is usually an environment of any building, University campus, outdoor areas that are enabled for interfacing the objects or systems and ubiquitous interaction with the users or visitors. A smart space enhances users experience in the space and provides an environment to perform his everyday activities more easily. However, creating such smart spaces or environments is really a challenge, as the human needs are changing all the time. To cope-up with the available technology and user‟s requirements is a difficult task. This paper proposes the design framework of Smart Space based on various aspects such as physical space, its architecture, context, cognitive psychology, technology etc. The methodology of designing a smart space is also explained with the help of flowchart and it is illustrated by a set of system prototypes especially designed for the corridor of a building.

Keywords: Smart Space, Design Framework, cognitive psychology

Pages: 17 - 21 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-04

5. SOLVING NONLINEAR VOLTERRA INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS OF FRACTIONAL ORDER BY GENERALIZED TRIANGULAR OPERATIONAL MATRIX

Authors: MAHNAZ ASGARI

Abstract: In this paper, a computational method based on triangular functions for solving a class of nonlinear Volterra integro-differential equations of fractional order is presented. Generalized operational matrix of triangular functions is constructed and used to transform the equation to a system of algebraic equations. Some numerical examples are provided to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method.

Keywords: Generalized operational matrix, Fractional integro-differential equation, Triangular functions.

Pages: 22 - 26 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-05

6. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MNO2 NANOPARTICLES LOADED CHITOSAN AND ITS APPLICATION IN PB2+ ADSORPTION

Authors: CHUNG LE NGOC , PHUC DINH VAN

Abstract: A Manganese dioxide/Chitosan (MnO2/CS) composite was prepared by a simple solution mixing-reductionoxidation method. The structure and morphology features of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X – Ray (EDX), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results obtained from these analyses revealed that Chitosan was loaded by manganese dioxide nanoparticles which were smaller than 18 nm in size. The surface area of the solid material was found to be 15.7 m2.g−1, respectively. The resulting EDX spectra showed that there was about 0.1 gram MnO2loaded on 1.0 gram material. This MnO2/CS was utilized as adsorbent to remove Pb2+ions from aqueous solutions. Adsorption features of MnO2/CS composite were investigated as a function of initial pH, contact time and initial Pb (II) concentrations.For adsorption isotherms, the Sips isotherm model was provided to be the best correlation

Keywords: Chitosan, Manganese, MnO2 /CS, adsorption, Lead

Pages: 27 - 31 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-06

7. ON THE EXISTENCE OF N-TUPLE MAGIC RECTANGLES

Authors: PHAISATCHA INPOONJAI , THIRADET JIARASUKSAKUN

Abstract: Magic rectangles are a classical generalization of the well-known magic squares, and they are related to graphs. A graph G is called degree-magic if there is a labelling of the edges by integers 1, 2, ..., | E(G) | such that the sum of the labels of the edges incident with any vertex v is equal to (1 | E(G) |)deg(v) / 2. In this paper we generalize magic rectangles to be n -tuple magic rectangles, and prove the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of even n - tuple magic rectangles. Using this existence we identify the sufficient condition for degree-magic labellings of the n -fold selfunion of complete bipartite graphs to exist.

Keywords: magic squares, magic rectangles, degree-magic graphs

Pages: 32 - 36 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-07

8. NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION A STOCHASTIC OPERATIONAL MATRIX BASED ON TRIANGULAR FUNCTIONS FOR SOLVING A STOCHASTIC NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

Authors: ZAHRA SADATI

Abstract: In this paper, an efficient method to determine a numerical solution of a stochastic nonlinear differential equation (SNDE) is proposed. The method is illustrated by using a stochastic operational matrix based on the triangular functions (TFs). In this proposed method, the SNDE is reduced to a stochastic nonlinear system of equations and unknowns. Then, the error analysis is demonstrated by using some preliminaries. Finally, the method is evaluated with some numerical examples.

Keywords: Triangular functions, Standard Brownian motion, Stochastic operational matrix, Stochastic nonlinear differential equations, Collocation method

Pages: 37 - 41 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-08

9. SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES WITH MESOGENIC OF SINGLEMOLECULE (COPPER(II) PALMITATE) WITH 2,2‟- BIPYRIDINE AND 4,4‟-BIPYRIDINE

Authors: NESRAIN FARHAN , NOHA SAID A. BEDOWR , ROSIYAH BINTI YAHYA

Abstract: Single molecule magnets and magnetic properties of advanced low-dimensional materials, especially for spintronic applications. They may be constructed from copper (II) ion and ditopic ligands, such as 2,2’-bipyridine and 4,4’-bipyridine. This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of a single molecule magnet, [Cu2(ɳ2-(OOCR)2(ɳ1-(OOCR)2(2,2'- bpy)2] (Complex 1), and a coordination polymer, [Cu2(ɳ2-(OOCR)2(ɳ1-(OOCR)2(2,2'-bpy)(4,4'- bpy)EtOH] (Complex 2), where R = CH3(CH2)14. These complexes are characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR and UV-vis spectroscopies, magnetic susceptibility, Thermogravimetry and optical polarized microscopy (OPM). Both complexes showed weak ferromagnetic interactions between the square pyramidal Cu(II) centres, and exhibit mesomorphisms.

Keywords: Cu(II) palmitate, 2,2’-bipyridine, 4,4’-bipyridine, Magnetic, Mesomorphism

Pages: 42 - 46 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-09

10. SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANO-HYBRID NOBLE METALS/N DOPED TIO2/MWCNTS ELECTROCATALYSTS

Authors: ANDRZEJ BORODZINSKI , CHIEN-DA LU , CHUNG-KWEI LIN , HONG-MING LIN , LESZEK STOBINSKI , YUH-JING CHIOU

Abstract: Novel metal catalysts are easily poisoned by CO adsorption or leaching in oxidation of formic acid that leads to decrease the performances of catalyst. To increase the catalyst activity and poison tolerance in fuel cells, novel metal nanoparticles are usually supported on modified support materials to enhance its performance. In this study, TiO2/MWCNTs are synthesized by sol-gel method. Also, ammonium is used to dope nitrogen into TiO2 to modify its electrical and chemical property. MWCNTs, TiO2/MWCNTs and N-doped TiO2/MWCNTs are three supporters using in this study to examine the effects of supporters on the electrocatalytic performance of Pd and AuPd catalysts. The synthesized metal nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the surfaces of MWCNTs, TiO2 and N-doped TiO2 modified MWCNTs. The electrochemical analysis illustrate that Pd/N-doped TiO2/MWCNTs (molar ratio of NH4OH:TiO2=4:1) catalyst exhibits higher activity and better stability than that of Pd/MWCNTs either/or Pd/TiO2/MWCNTs

Keywords: Fuel cells, Formic Acid, Pd, AuPd, N-doped TiO2, catalyst, MWCNTs

Pages: 47 - 51 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-10

11. ASSESSMENT OF WATER CONSUMPTION AND REUTILIZATION POTENTIAL IN HOSPITALITY SECTOR- A CASE STUDY OF DELHI

Authors: KAFEEL AHMAD , SANJOY MAJI , SIDDHARTHA GAUTAM , SIRAJUDDIN AHMED

Abstract: Water use across various sectors in India is on the rise. Delhi being the capital city of the country attracts lots of migrant population which resulting pressure on required infrastructure particularly demand of water. Delhi as a capital city have rapidly expanding centre of government, trade, commerce and industry, therefore, it is an instructive location for studying the water recycles options by hospitality sector. In Delhi city there are about 37 five star hotels, 20 four star hotels and 44 resorts/motels. The hospitality industry consumes a large quantity of fresh water to provide and maintain hygiene and recreational standards as per guests’ expectations. The Delhi city has been experiencing severe water scarcity in terms of supply and demand for a very long time. It is getting worse day by day due to increasing demand of water with the economic liberalization and globalization. This paper presents an estimate of water consumption and thereby analyzing the reuse potential by the

Keywords: Water consumption, Water recycling, Hospitality sector, Hospitality industry, Hotels, Hotel industry, Water reutilization

Pages: 52 - 56 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-11

12. THEORETICAL APPROACH TO STUDY DISTURBANCES DUE TO MECHANICAL SOURCE IN A GENERALIZED THERMOELASTIC DIFFUSIVE HALF SPACE

Authors: G.D. KEDAR , J. J. TRIPATHI , K.C. DESHMUKH

Abstract: Disturbances caused by impulsive mechanical source in a homogeneous, isotropic half-space are studied within the context of generalized thermoelastic diffusion with one relaxation time. A two dimensional half space with a permeating substance in contact with the bounding plane is considered in axisymmetric distribution. The chemical potential is assumed to be a known function of time. Integral transform technique is used to find the analytic solution in the transform domain by using direct approach. Inversion of transforms is done employing a numerical scheme. Mathematical model is prepared for Copper material and numerical results for temperature, stress, displacement, chemical potential and concentration are obtained and illustrated graphically

Keywords: impulsive, half space, diffusion, generalized, thermoelastic, relaxation time.

Pages: 57 - 61 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-12

13. VEGETATION COVER AND MANAGEMENT FACTOR(C) DERIVATION THROUGH DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHS

Authors: MD. RABIUL ISLAM RABI , LAI SAI HIN , NORMANIZA OSMAN , PRASHANT SRIVASTAVA

Abstract: Vegetation cover and management factor (C) of the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is usually can be found from guideline. However, the value would actually bias for small scale area. This study was therefore aimed to use digital photograph to obtain the vegetation cover and management factor (C) at small scale. A total of 8 photographs were taken at the centre of the 8 experimental plots location. These photographs were processed using ArcGIS 10.1 whereby the vegetation cover and bared soil were identified using the maximum likelihood algorithm method. For validation purposes, the results obtained were compared with that of the previous studies. We found that the newly derived value of C is of comparable with that of the previous studies. This indicates the simple technique is beneficial for quantification of the vegetation ground cover for small scale and sloping topography as we applied to hilly area beside highway. The proposed technique is also applicable for large area but it

Keywords: crop management factor (C), image analysis, Guthrie Corridor Expressway (GCE), vegetation ground cover

Pages: 62 - 66 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-13

14. DETERMINATION OF SELENIUM IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE BY GAMMAGAMMA COINCIDENCE METHOD

Authors: HO HUU THANG , NGUYEN AN SON , NGUYEN NGOC ANH , NGUYEN XUAN HAI , PHAM DINH KHANG , TRUONG VAN MINH

Abstract: Selenium (Se) is considered an essential trace element, it plays a role in thyroid function and your immune system which needs Se to work properly. Se is widely distributed in the environment, so the quantifying Se in the environmental samples are very important and essential to study transferring factor. The advantage of coincidence method is abilities of background reduction and removal of interference evaluated for the analysis of geological samples [1]. In this paper, we would like to present determination of the results of Se in environmental sample by neutron activation analysis combined with the gamma-gamma coincidence method. By application of this method, the peak to background ratios, detection limits of Se in environmental samples were improved and concentration of Se in sample was determined.

Keywords: Neutron activation analysis, gammagamma coincidence, Determintion of Se, Environmental samples.

Pages: 67 - 70 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-14

15. PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITES AMONG THE OUTDOOR PATIENTS OF IBN SINA HJOSPITAL, DHAKA

Authors: HAMIDA KHANUM , RIMI FARHANA ZAMAN , SABEKUNNAHAR

Abstract: The present study was done to find out the incidence of the intestinal parasites and their prevalence among male, female and children of the outdoor patients of IBN sina hospital, Dhanmondi, Dhaka. A total of 350 stool samples were collected from different aged patients and examined from IBN Sina hospital. Four species of intestinal parasites were identified, of which two species were protozoa (Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia sp.) and two species were nematode (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichuira). The overall prevalence of infestation was 24.28%; Entamoeba histolytica 4.85%, Giardia sp 2.28%, Ascaris lumbricoides 4.28% and Trichuris trichuira 12.85%. The highest prevalence (28%) prevalence was observed in male patients, lowest in 22.5% in female and 24% in children. The prevalence was highest (29.52%) in rainy season and lowest (21.05%) in winter season. The prevalence was highest (41.66%) in male during the month of April’10. The highest prevalence was found in 26- 35 year

Keywords: Intestinal parasites, prevalence, outdoor patients, children.

Pages: 71 - 75 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-15

16. GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN MAJOR CARPS ON DIFFERENT FEED REGIMES WITH COST – BENEFIT ANALYSIS.

Authors: AKHTARUNNESSA CHOWDHURY , MD. KAMRUL HASAN

Abstract: A study was conducted to establish and optimal methods under twofeeding regime (poultry waste and supplimental) for the culture of Indian major carps by comparing the growth patterns and to develop a cost efficient feed and feeding technique through cost benefit analysis for future use in Bangladesh. Static 5.00 mg/L dissolved oxygen content was the remarkable observation during the investigation period in both study ponds except March‟14 at treatment I and treatment II. The ponds were slightly alkaline with pH values ranged from 6-7 Hardness, alkalinity and ammonia showed narrow difference in their mean value. All of the water variables showed significant deference (P<0.05) excepting water temperature. The ten months investigation showed the average final weights (gm) of Labeo rohita, Catla catla, and Cirrhinus mrigala were 700±2.89 , 900±0.78, 700±1.55 at treatment-I and 170± 2.23, 235± 1.22 165±0.45 at treatment II respectively. Monthly mean weight gain (gm.) of the species were 1.2

Keywords: Water quality Feed, Growth, performance, cost , benefit and viabilit

Pages: 76 - 80 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-16

17. STATUS OF FOOD SECURITY AND ITS IMPACT ON QUALITY EDUCATION AMONG HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS IN VILLAGE SHIMULIA

Authors: NAZMUL HUDA

Abstract: Green revolution aims to create hunger free world. However, it had bypassed the crisis issues including food security among the developing nations. Inflationary pressure and increasing tendency of food prices play a crucial role for food insecurity. Bangladesh – a highly populated country, estimated 7,400,000 children enrolled as high-school-students every year, mostly depends on agriculture. No doubt, these children, by acquiring quality education, will contribute to creating a beautiful Bangladesh – a hunger free, technologically advanced, and globally adjustable Bangladesh. Thus, only quality education, including quality learner, can ensure proper social development which was actually demanded by the government of Bangladesh. The objective of this study is to show the relationship between food security of high-school-students and their quality education. The study has been carried out through purposive sampling with 167 highschool- students who were studying in class-6 to 10 and liv

Keywords: Quality education, Food security, High-schoolstudents, Food Insecurity, Food Consumption.

Pages: 81 - 85 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-17

18. SECURITY ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SCADA SYSTEM USING ADVANCE CRYPTOGRAPHY APPROACHES

Authors: MUHAMMAD IRFAN , AAMIR SHAHZAD , KIM GEON , MALREY LEE

Abstract: The SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) system cyber in-security has been increasing dayby- day, due to larger interconnectivity with other open networks (and protocols). Like traditional networks, SCADA system has been also facing several security challenges, which warming the communication, and become disaster for the industrial processing. Therefore, strong security solution is required that has potential to secure the communication of SCADA system, against cyber attacks and vulnerabilities. After conducting the detail review, cryptography based security approaches are chosen as best solutions against SCADA insecurity. This study analyzed, measured and made comparison between cryptography approaches, while deployments in various communications, followed by SCADA system acquirements. The security via cryptography has been implemented, and comparison is observed during SCADA abnormal transmission, with the specifications of SCADA system communication, in mind

Keywords: SCADA System, DNP3 Stack, Cryptography Approaches, Security Attacks, Attacks and Tools.

Pages: 86 - 90 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-18

19. NEW MODELING APPROACH: TO ENHANCE THE NETWORKS PERFORMANCE BASED ON COMMUNICATION ISSUES AND RELATED SECURITY

Authors: MUHAMMAD IRFAN , AAMIR SHAHZAD , KIM GEON , MALREY LEE

Abstract: The new technology demands and rapid utilization of Information technology (IT) have been increasing day by day, in all over the world. The growing demands of advance Information technology (IT) infrastructures within several Industries and organizations, and the implementation of non-propriety protocols with propriety protocols , caused major performance issues in the terms of communication, data exchange and security. In this proposal, detail survey has been conducted that is based on several computer or/and Information technology (IT) networks deployment with their security requirements and issues. The proposed research thoroughly study the implementations related with communication networks included local area network (LAN) and wide area network (WAN) as part of traditional networks, mobile networks, real time networks and cloud computing networks. Also study the existing Implementations of common protocols that have been used during communication (network communication). This rese

Keywords: Traditional Networks; Real time Networks; Mobile Networks; Cloud Computing Infrastructure; Protocols.

Pages: 91 - 95 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-19

20. DIELECTRIC AND MICROWAVE PROPERTIES OF CURED AND UNCURED NATURAL RUBBER COMPOSITES

Authors: JULIE CHARLES

Abstract: The backbone of Natural rubber (NR), polyisoprene, is derived from the polyacetylene backbone through the saturation of every other double bond. Polyisoprene is a potential candidate for materials used in various devices: solar cells, LEDs, and FETs. It is also used in electrically energized line services as electrical energy utilities without any energy breakdown. Therefore, analysis of dielectric property becomes inevitable since they determine the end electrical applications, per se, insulation. Present work is aimed at the determination of dielectric constant of natural rubber by using the method proposed by Robert and Von-Hippel. The effect of microwave frequency, namely 9.6 GHz and 26 GHz, as well as chemical modification brought about by vulcanization and reinforcement on dielectric constant values was probed. Impedance spectroscopy can be used to monitor the progress of reactions in polymer forming systems for in-situ real time process control. Dielectric constant and dielectri

Keywords: natural, rubber , uncured

Pages: 96 - 102 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-72

21. APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF MALARIA, KALA-AZAR AND FILAIA IN ENDEMIC AREAS OF BANGLADESH

Authors: HAMIDA KHANUM , JAINAL ABEDIN , MOAZZEM HOSSAIN

Abstract: The present study was carried out in 13 Upazillas of 13 endemic districts for Malaria and 15 upozillas of 3 endemic districts for kala-azar in Bangladesh. to assess the current application of techniques for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention for malaria and kala-azar by the professionals For Malaria, 300 professionals were interviewed of Upazilla Thana Complexes, they apply Examination of peripheral blood film (40.8%) and Rapid Diagnostic test (38.50%) for diagnosis of Malaria and also tests CBC and MP in small range. About 85% professionals use Quinine as an appropriate drug for treating Malaria, drugs like Chloroquinine, Pyremethamine, Artemisinin and Malaone are also in use. For Kala-azar, out of 205 professionals interviewed, about 80% practice rK39 dipstick test for diagnosis of Kala-azar while, DAT, AT, Bone marrow examination and Spleen puncture are rare. About 73.3% professionals use SAG, 85.7% Miltefosine and 62.9% AmphotericinB as appropriate drug for Kala-azar. The filarial ca

Keywords: Diagnosis, treatment, kala-azar, malaria and filaria

Pages: 103 - 107 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-73

22. 3D TRANSITION METAL OXIDE BASED SOL-GEL DERIVED COATINGS FOR PHOTOTHERMAL APPLICATIONS

Authors: AMUN AMRI , BOGDAN DLUGOGORSKI , M. MAHBUBUR RAHMAN , MOHAMMEDNOOR ALTARAWNEH , NICHOLAS MONDINOS , ZHONG-TAO JIANG

Abstract: Photothermal devices require high performance solar selective materials for the surface of solar energy converters. A good solar selective surface exhibits high spectral absorptance in the visible range and low thermal emittance in the infrared to far-infrared range of the solar spectrum. 3d transition metal oxide based thin film coatings are explored as high solar selective material to be used in solar energy harvesting devices. Solar selectivity of such coatings depends on the deposition conditions, crystal structure, chemical composition, microstructural morphology, composition uniformity and stoichiometry. This report highlights and summarizes the optical properties and mechanical characteristics of some recently developed sol-gel dipcoating derived from CuxCoyOz transition metal oxides based solar selective surfaces thinfilms. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis spectrometer, FTIR spectrophotometer, nanoindentation and Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (SR-XRD) te

Keywords: Photothermal, solar selective surface, solar absorptance, thermal emittance, optical thin films, sol-gel, solar selectivity

Pages: 108 - 112 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-74

23. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED MICROBES IN BIOSENSORS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

Authors: LING SHING WONG , JUDGE SIMRANJEET KAUR , KUNASAKARAN RUBBAN , YEONG HWANG TAN

Abstract: Environmental pollution is worsening due to human activities. Biosensors are an alternative analytical tool to eliminate pollutants in environment. Through the advancement of recombinant technology, genetically modified microbes are now available to be integrated into a biosensor design. The microbes have the ability to produce signals which are not available in the wild type counterpart with certain modified characteristics. In this paper, the application of the genetically modified microbes has been discussed. The performance of the genetically modified microbes in biosensors has been focused and comparison has been done with the wild type counterparts. The future development of biosensors with recombinant microbes require more research in the areas of sensitivity, specificity, and the ability of biosensors to operate under stressed environment are discussed as well.

Keywords: Effectiveness, Genetically , Modified , Microbes , Biosensors

Pages: 113 - 117 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-75

24. POLYMER ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATION: A REVIEW

Authors: AZRAN AZHIM , ZATIL IZZAH

Abstract: This paper reviews recent research in the fields of blending natural polymers and synthetic polymer focusing on electrospinning technique for application of tissue engineering. Suitability of developed new synthetic material promotes new live saving potential for patient. Previous research shows that Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Polylactic acid (PLA) have excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility for tissue engineering. However, the lacks of mechanical strength and elasticity makes this polymer unsuitable for engineering vascular scaffolds. Polyurethane has a potential application in tissue engineering. Many researchers actively conduct experiment based on this elastiomer due to its good mechanical testing and elasticity. This review provides information on current research that is useful for the specific application.

Keywords: Electrospinning, tissue engineering, polymer, Taylor cone.

Pages: 124 - 128 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-77

25. ON LINE APPLICATION SIMULINK MODEL FOR TRANSIENT STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE BLACKOUTS SYSTEM

Authors: DJOKO M. HARTONO

Abstract: The study of multi-machine transient stability in a large interconnected power system requires a lot of computational time. To reduce the computational time, a model of real-time of transient stability simulation method is employed in power systems. Application in transient stability provides very quick insight into the behavior of the generators under a threephase fault. The objective of this paper is accelerating computation time. The requirement is a computationally efficient way of processing on line to determine whether an evolving event will ultimately be stable or unstable. The proposed optimal power flow on transient stability model will be tested and analyzed using an illustrative the IEEE Western System Coordinating Council (WSCC) 3-machines 9-bus test system.

Keywords: on line; transient stability; model; blackouts

Pages: 129 - 133 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-78

26. MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE DRYING PROCESS OF COCONUT MEAT

Authors: LOLA DOMNINA B. PESTANO

Abstract: Drying process is a method of food preservation that thrives by removing water from the food, which inhibits the growth of bacteria and has been practiced worldwide since ancient times to preserve food. In the coconut industry, drying the coconut meat reduces its moisture content that inhibits the growth of bacteria and the action of enzymes that causes spoilage. The coconut meat is named copra once drying starts. Well-dried copra contains 7% moisture and is processed into coconut oil (CNO) and copra cake after storage when the moisture content is reduced to about 4-5%, the equilibrium moisture content of copra at most existing storage conditions (Guarte et al., 1996). This study aims to determine the best mathematical model that describes the drying characteristics of thinly-sliced coconut meat. Two mathematical models were examined to describe the drying behavior of thinly sliced coconut meat at 60, 70 and 80oC using a hot-air batch dryer. The Page model gave the best fit to the expe

Keywords: copra, coconut oil (CNO), Mathematical Model, correlation factor, time constant, total error

Pages: 142 - 146 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-80

27. DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECT READING THICKNESS GAUGE FOR LEAD EQUIVALENT THICKNESS MEASUREMENT OF PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Authors: NORHAYATI ABDULLAH

Abstract: Measurement of lead equivalent thickness of personal protective equipment (PPE) is important to carry out at least at the commissioning stage in order to verify the compliance of the equipment with the standard regulations of Malaysian Standard (MS) 838, IAEA Safety Series No.115 and IEC 61331. In this study, a gauge for measuring lead equivalent thickness of PPEs such as lead apron, thyroid shield, ovary shield and gonad shield was designed and fabricated. The gauge consists of supporting frame to accommodate a 241Am radioactive source, scintillation detector and PPEs; and a survey meter connected to Ludlum software for data logging. The standard calibration curve for estimating the lead equivalent thickness of PPEs was established using 241Am radioactive source. The curve was determined based on the most reliable results acquired from various measurements set-up including multiple sizes of collimator and different source-detector distance (SDD) for the lead thickness from 0 mm to 5 m

Keywords: lead equivalent thickness, personal protective equipment, thickness gauge

Pages: 151 - 155 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-055-2-88

28. A NEW APPROACH TO URBAN TRANSSHIPMENT PROBLEM USING ELECTRICAL TRUCKS

Authors: BURAK KUCUK , LEVENT AKSOY , YAVUZ GUNALAY

Abstract: As the urbanization rate increases every day, city logistics become more and more important. Electric vehicles are both environmentally friendly and also less costly alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles. However, decision methods employed by businesses are not useful to evaluate these systems. We propose a new model that helps businesses to evaluate the contribution of electric vehicles in city logistics.

Keywords: urban logistics, electric vehicles, transshipment problem

Pages: 1 - 4 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-108-5-01