18 Articles Published

1. DIRECT TENSILE STRENGTH IN JOINT OF ROLLER COMPACTED CONCRETE DAMS

Authors: J. O. MORANDI, , R. J. ULIARTE

Abstract: Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Dam construction involves the placement of concrete in successive layers, whose thickness may vary in general between 30 and 45 cm. The surfaces of contact between layers are planes or joints of potential weakness for the material, giving the same anisotropic mechanical characteristics. The tensile strength and shear strength of the joint between layers are basic design parameters for the RCC dam project, particularly necessary to ensure the reliability of the structure against seismic loads. The present work describes a test method to determine the direct tensile strength of the joint between layers and experimental results are obtained with this method, corresponding to the test of joints made under different conditions of concreting.The conditions studied included the test of joints with and without cement mortar, made with different waiting times between layers. Waiting times were one minute (continuous concreting condition), 6, 12, 24 and 72 hours.

Keywords: Concrete Roller Compacted (RCC) * Dams * Tensile Strength Direct Joint

Pages: 18 - 21 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-122-1-11

2. SOURCES OF CONFLICTS IN A CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS: A PERSPECTIVE OF SOUTH AFRICA CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Authors: NAZEEM ANSARY , OLANREWAJU ABDUL BALOGUN

Abstract: The construction industry business across the country is questioned because of the complex divided nature of the business and the ill-disposed connections the customarily exist between project members. The point of the paper was feature the wellsprings of contentions in construction projects, the condition of disputes administration in the South Africa construction industry. The paper specifically examinations disputes resolution in construction industry by efficiently auditing the wellsprings of contentions. The poll review of the construction projects on the rate and administration of disputes. The information were investigations utilizing rate score and seriousness list techniques with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).indicate that disputes happened because of owner payment deferrals and temporary workers legally binding cases. The discovering demonstrate that Adjudication is the most usually utilized strategy for question determination and discoveries demonstrated

Keywords: Conflicts, (ADR) construction industry disputes, South Africa

Pages: 88 - 94 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-57

3. DISPUTE RESOLUTION APPROACHES FOR PUBLIC PROJECTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY WITHIN GAUTENG PROVINCE

Authors: NAZEEM ANSARY

Abstract: this paper gives an understanding into the variables which affect upon the determination of dispute resolution strategies on a public projects in the construction industry in Gauteng Province of South Africa. The accompanying elements are utilized, for example, cost, speed, result, enforceability, protection and classification, open and reasonableness, control, adaptability inventive cures and connections. The dispute review board will be compared with alternative dispute resolution methods to demonstrate the differences and the impact it has on construction performance, primarily time, cost and quality. The Survey questionnaire were used to justify the relative importance of these factors in the selection of dispute resolution methods is examined and through one-on-one interviews, the efficiency of the current alternative dispute resolution methods operating in Gauteng construction industry is compared with the efficiency of the dispute review board. Concerns with respect to the utili

Keywords: Dispute review board, alternative dispute resolution, Gauteng construction industry

Pages: 82 - 87 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-56

4. ADJUDICATION AND ARBITRATION AS A TECHNIQUE IN RESOLVING CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY DISPUTES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Authors: NAZEEM ANSARY , OLANREWAJU ABDUL BALOGUN

Abstract: This paper presents a preliminary literature review on the prospects of reforms of adjudication and arbitration to aid construction dispute resolution in South Africa. At the moment, the prevailing method of resolving construction disputes in South Africa are Adjudication and arbitration. This paper seeks to propose effective legal framework for dispute resolution processes for the construction industry in South Africa. While relying on some recent advances recorded in Malaysia and Singapore. While the method adopted is purely doctrinal legal research, the study identifies the relevance of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) processes in the construction industry in South Africa as utilised elsewhere. The study found that the building blocks for the proposed dispute resolution framework in the construction industry in South Africa are already in place but they need to be properly placed for a sustainable framework. The use of qualitative approach was to enable the study to know the ex

Keywords: ADR, Construction Dispute Resolution, Dispute Review Boards, South Africa

Pages: 70 - 81 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-55

5. INFLUENCE OF REPLACEMENT RATIO OF RECYCLED CONCRETE AGGREGATES ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE BEAMS

Authors: OMAR ALJIDDA

Abstract: This study investigates the effect of using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) on the flexural behavior and ultimate capacity of reinforced concrete beams experimentally. A total of four reinforced concrete (RC) beam specimens were flexural tested until failure. The parameter investigated included the RCA replacement ratio (0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%). The testing results of the specimens were compared to control beam specimens made with natural coarse aggregates (NCA). In addition, the experimental results of beams with RCA were compared to the result of the beam without RCA. Test Results showed there was no remarkable effect of using RCA on the flexural strength of the tested beams.

Keywords: Recycled Concrete Aggregates, Flexural Behavior, Concrete Beams, Sustainable Materials.

Pages: 66 - 69 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-33

6. INFLUENCE OF FRP REINFORCEMENT RATIO ON FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE ONE-WAY SLABS

Authors: WAEL ALNAHHAL , ALAA TAHA

Abstract: This paper presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior and ultimate capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) one-way slabs reinforced with FRP bars. Flexural tests were performed on four concrete one-way slab specimens that were loaded until failure. The main parameters in the conducted experiment were the reinforcement type (Basalt FRP bars, and Glass FRP bars), and the reinforcement ratio (1.4  fb and 2.8  fb).The one-way slabs' mid-span deflection and compressive strain were measured and recorded. The test results showed that the increase in the reinforcement ratio improved the flexural capacity of the one-way slabs significantly. Moreover, the oneway slabs with GFRP bars as reinforcement recorded slightly higher flexural capacity than that of BFRP bars as reinforcement. The test results obviously indicated that both Basalt FRP and Glass FRP bars can be used as an alternative construction material.

Keywords: Flexural Behavior, Basalt FRP Bars, Glass FRP bars, One-way Slabs.

Pages: 62 - 65 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-32

7. GREEN DESIGN OF MODULAR FLOATING STRUCTURES

Authors: MODIGA ALINA , POPESCU GABRIEL

Abstract: This paper proposes a solution for the extension of the promenade and entertainment area, the green arrangement of the lower Danube river bank in Galati. For the extension of the seafront width with cycle and roller tracks, alternating with paths for the promenade and creating areas for recreation activities with the maintenance of the existing green spaces, the solution of floating structures was chosen. An autonomous module that has been drawn and modeled 3D in Punch Home Design in various design forms, so as to allow it to be assembled in various positions and interconnect the modules between them. Hydrodynamic calculations of the module positioned differently from the shore were made in XFlow Module (SolidWorks). The study reveals the two-fold role of the structures: extension of the promenade green areas and control of the currents that influence the erosion phenomenon (protection) the left bank of the Danube and the natural dredging of the river's bottom The results obtained can

Keywords: Danube, modular, structures, promenade, solutions, analysis.

Pages: 58 - 61 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-31

8. COST OPTIMIZATION IN BATCH INDUSTRIAL SALAMI RIPENING THROUGH MATHEMATICAL MODELING

Authors: CARLO DIAFERIA , FRANCO LONGO , GIOVANNI CASCONE , LUCIA SETA , MASSIMILIANO DODARO

Abstract: Within a recent research project (PON Safemeat) devoted to "innovative" fresh and fermented meat-based products, the project partners’ chambers were used for salami ripening and a number of experimental tests were carried out under strictly controlled conditions. In addition to both process and product data obtained during ripening, the PON Safemeat has also allowed focusing on production cost data. Therefore, a mathematical model was developed to express costs associated to the industrial batch ripening of salami and an objective function was devised with the goal of optimization. The model considers the cost of raw materials, the operating costs (linearly increasing with time during maturing) and, finally, a cost for the "loss of quality" of an off-specification product, expressed as a "non-revenue" and referred to as "QL factor". The objective function is a nonlinear function of the nondimensional time t*. Two test cases have been constructed by considering Italian traditional sau

Keywords: Ripening chamber, Salami, Mathematical Model, Optimization

Pages: 54 - 57 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-30

9. SHEAR BEHAVIOR OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS REINFORCED WITH BASALT FRP BARS

Authors: Nasser Al Yahyaei , ABATHAR AL-HAMRANI , WAEL ALNAHHAL

Abstract: This paper is focusing mainly on studying the shear behavior of basalt fiber reinforced concrete (BFRC) beams reinforced with basalt (BFRP) bars. Reinforced concrete beams reinforced with basalt bars were tested under shear loading test until failure. The beams were reinforced with sand coated BFRP bars as a flexural reinforcement, in addition to the discrete basalt macro-fibers, which were added to the concrete mix at two different volume fractions namely, 0.75%, and 1.5%. Two mixes with the aforementioned volume fractions were prepared and cured for 28 days before testing. The main parameters were the reinforcement ratio, the span to depth ratio and the volume fraction of discrete basalt minibars. Test Results showed a significant increase in the shear strength as the reinforcement ratio increases. In addition, using lower span to depth ratio resulted in an increase in the shear capacity. It has also revealed that using higher percentages of discrete basalt fibers enhanced the shear

Keywords: Shear behavior, Basalt bars, Basalt macro-fibers, Beam ductility.

Pages: 50 - 53 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-29

10. PCM17 AND PCM17WR NEW MODELS FOR PREDICTING CREEP OF CONCRETE DEFORMATIONS PHENOMENOLOGICAL CREEP MODEL 17 WITH AND WITHOUT WATER-REDUCING ADMIXTURE

Authors: ELISE ZGHEIB , PIERRE MATAR , WASSIM RAPHAEL

Abstract: Creep and shrinkage strains of concrete can have prejudicial consequences in structures. Often, the values of these uncontrolled strains appear to be clearly different from the expected ones. In fact, there is not yet a physical explanation perfectly satisfactory of creep and the codified descriptions of this phenomenon are always unreliable and don’t take the effect of admixtures into consideration. In the context of this study, and starting from an important experimental database coming from international laboratories and research centers, new models of creep calculation were developed and allow to take the effect of water-reducing admixture into consideration and to obtain results more satisfactory than those of the Eurocode 2.

Keywords: creep, admixture, material, model, database

Pages: 45 - 49 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-28

11. ELECTROCHEMICAL INJECTION OF CATHIONIC CORROSION INHIBITORS

Authors: JIRI NEMECEK , MILAN KOURIL , ROSTISLAV SULC

Abstract: Electrochemical chloride extraction from a reinforced concrete structure may be accompanied with an electrochemical injection of healing agents if such agents are positively charged and are able to migrate towards the activated reinforcement. Positive charge carrying nanoparticles or cathionic corrosion inhibitors might be the proper choice. Organic substances with a positive charge and their salts are mostly such inhibitors. The essential conditions for successful application of such corrosion inhibitors are their sufficient corrosion inhibition efficiency that was studied and evaluated elsewhere and their stability of positive charge in alkaline concrete environment and their migration ability through concrete pore system.

Keywords: corrosion, concrete, electrochemical injection

Pages: 40 - 44 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-27

12. EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC MODULUS OF ASPHALT CONCRETE FIELD CORES

Authors: MD OHIDUZZAMAN

Abstract: The dynamic modulus is a required parameter in the design and analysis of asphalt pavements. The dynamic modulus of asphalt mixtures increases with aging as the mixture becomes stiffer. This paper presents an experimental evaluation of dynamic modulus of asphalt concrete field cores in the State of Qatar where asphalt mixture is subjected to harsh weather condition of elevated temperature. A total number of six different pavement sections were selected to study the aging effect and mix design on the mechanical performance of asphalt pavements in Qatar. These six different sections were constructed by using different types of aggregates and different bitumen types. Field cores were extracted from these sites. The extracted field cores were sliced into base and wearing layers and dynamic modulus tests were performed on these specimens. The test results demonstrated that the effect of aging was more prominent in the wearing course of pavements as it is subjected to elevated temperatures c

Keywords: dynamic modulus, stiffness, master curve, asphalt pavement, Qatar

Pages: 30 - 34 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-25

13. ANISOTROPY OF 3D PRINTED MATERIALS IN TENSION TESTING PROTOCOL AND CHAIN OF ACTIVITIES

Authors: IZABELA HAGER , KATARZYNA CZWAKIEL , MARCIN TEKIELI

Abstract: The first attempts to use additive manufacturing civil engineering are successful. Additive printing can be used to print precast elements, building envelope elements or to print whole structure using contour crafting. The main goal of this research is to be a sort of bootstrap step, allowing us to have a grip on the whole chain of activities, protocols, and tools: creation of computer models of printed parts, 3D printing, mechanical properties testing, raw results storage and processing. The aim of the work was to determine the anisotropy of material behavior in tension for 3D printed materials and preparation the testing protocol for digitally manufactured cementitious building products. Samples for tensile strength determination were printed in FDM technology with three space fill (printing densities) and three different layer orientations.

Keywords: 3D printing, FDM, ABS, anisotropy

Pages: 21 - 25 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-23

14. STUDY OF ADHESION CHARACTERISTICS AND SURFACE INTERACTION OF BITUMEN AND FLYASH FROM POWER PLANTS

Authors: KOZHUKHOVA NATALIA IVANOVNA , LEBEDEV MIKHAIL SERGEEVICH , LIMARENKO MIKHAIL VITALIEVICH

Abstract: Study of processes and mechanisms of realization of them in contact zone for construction composite materials is a very big problem. For fly ash (FA) based bitumen-mineral compositions studied in this paper adhesive strength between bitumen and FA particles is the base factor effected on properties of road-building material. Earlier was reported that low-calcium FA (type F) from Omsk power station (Russia) can adsorb much more content of bitumen vs. high-calcium one from Nazarovsk power station (Russia). It can be connected not only with structure as well as physical and mechanical characteristics of bitumen-mineral compositions but surface energy effect when bitumen and fly ash interaction. It is studied in this research. Adhesion between bitumen and FA particles was determined by adsorption/desorption effect of bitumen as well as energy between two contacted surfaces. It was found, that F-type FA has a quite high adsorption capacity. At the same time adsorption capacity for C-type FA

Keywords: fly ash from power plants, wetting effect, surface energy, work of adhesion, adsorption/desorption effect of bitume

Pages: 16 - 20 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-22

15. DYNAMIC FAILURE ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE DAMS UNDER AIR BLAST

Authors: FARHOUD KALATEH

Abstract: In present study, the air blast response of the concrete dams including dam-reservoir interaction and acoustic cavitation in the reservoir is investigated. The finite element (FE) developed code are used to build three dimensional (3D) finite element models of concrete dams. A fully coupled Euler-Lagrange formulation has been adopted herein. Zhou et al, [1] model including the strain rate effect is employed to model the concrete material behavior subjected to blast loading. In addition, a onefluid cavitating model is employed for the simulation of acoustic cavitation in the fluid domain. A parametric study is conducted to evaluate the effects of the air blast loading on the response of concrete dam systems. Hence, the analyses are performed for different heights of dam and different values of the charge distance from the charge center. Numerical results revealed that (1) concrete arch dams are more vulnerable to air blast loading than concrete gravity dams; (2) reservoir has mitigation

Keywords: Air blast loading; concrete dams; finite element method; dam-reservoir interaction; acoustic cavitation, concrete damage model

Pages: 6 - 10 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-20

16. TOWARDS ENERGY-EFFICIENT AND SUSTAINABLE INSULATION MATERIALS

Authors: IZABELA HAGER

Abstract: During the last several decades, thermal insulation materials underwent considerable technological evolution owing to the needs of our civilisation, which drive the improvement of existing materials or the search for new ones that will satisfy the growing needs of the construction industry in terms of their quality and quantity. The innovations related to thermal insulation materials presented in this paper concern mainly the search for high-performance insulation materials but also the development of materials that will use natural resources in a sustainable manner.

Keywords: hermal insulation, sustainable development, recycling

Pages: 1 - 5 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-19

17. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM APPLIED TO A BIOMETRIC VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEM

Authors: ANDREA PIRODDI

Abstract: The article investigates the possibilities of applying machine learning algorithm to identify an individual through biometric voice recognition with the higher possible reliability. The emphasis in the analysis is placed on the possibility of using artificial intelligence approach methods for the purposes of recognizing a person unambiguously, uniquely on the basis of the data contained in his/her vocal spectral information. A large number of routes we can go to parametrically representing the speech signal for the voice recognition system such as Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC). During the authentication phase the input voice signal is recorded and processed comparing it by using MFCC features with a signal that has been previously stored in the database by the same user. The main purpose is to compare some of the main machine learning algorithms to classify them on this particular application.

Keywords: Biometric, Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC), Voice Recognition, Weka, Open smile, Praa

Pages: 11 - 15 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-21

18. ANISOTROPY OF 3D PRINTED MATERIALS IN TENSION TESTING PROTOCOL AND CHAIN OF ACTIVITIES

Authors: KATARZYNA SLEDZIEWSKA , IZABELA HAGER , MARCIN TEKIELI

Abstract: The first attempts to use additive manufacturing civil engineering are successful. Additive printing can be used to print precast elements, building envelope elements or to print whole structure using contour crafting. The main goal of this research is to be a sort of bootstrap step, allowing us to have a grip on the whole chain of activities, protocols, and tools: creation of computer models of printed parts, 3D printing, mechanical properties testing, raw results storage and processing. The aim of the work was to determine the anisotropy of material behavior in tension for 3D printed materials and preparation the testing protocol for digitally manufactured cementitious building products. Samples for tensile strength determination were printed in FDM technology with three space fill (printing densities) and three different layer orientations.

Keywords: 3D printing, FDM, ABS, anisotropy

Pages: 21 - 25 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-139-9-23