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Proceedings of

9th International Conference On Advances In Civil, Structural And Mechanical Engineering ACSM 2019

Date
21-Jul-2019
Location
London , United Kingdom
Authors
20
ISBN
978-1-63248-173-3

6 Articles Published

1. 2D NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATIONS IN DIAPHRAGM WALL SUPPORTED BY HORIZONTAL STRUTS

Authors: IMTIAZ , H , KHAN , Z , MAHMOOD , H , NASEER

Abstract: Deep excavations are becoming quite common in urban areas due to limited spaces and construction of multi-story buildings, burrows and underground storage spaces. Such excavations require special consideration due to the nearby constructions and structures. Construction work requires ground excavation with vertical cuts. The faces of the cuts need to be protected by short-term bracing mechanism to lessen the excavation area, maintain excavation stability, and to certify that movements will not cause damage to neighboring structures or to utilities in the surrounding ground. Besides, excavation support is an issue of extraordinary significance to construction safety due to the threats to life posed by earth collapse, in addition to their major influence on profitability, speed, and quality of construction projects. Due to the excavation, lateral movement of soil will occur which results in failure of neighboring structures. This paper specifically focusses on the application of struts a

Keywords: Deep Excavation, underground construction, finite element modeling, struts, Elasto-plastic beam element

Pages: 1 - 6 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-173-3-01

2. RESEARCH ON SUITABLE TIME STEP TO FORECAST TRI AN RESERVOIR INLFOW IN DONG NAI RIVER BASIN USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL

Authors: LE VAN DUC

Abstract: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model has been successfully being used to predict the river flow for rainfall-runoff process. The important question including how long the forecasting time step should be, which rainfall stations should be selected, which discharge and rainfall data at different time steps should be used for the input layer most suitably to forecast reservoir inflow with highest accuracy. Focusing these questions, hereinafter, ANN model was used to forecast inflow into Tri An reservoir in Dong Nai River Basin, Vietnam. Research results showed that six main rainfall stations including Bao Loc, Da Lat, Da Te, Di Linh, Dai Nga, Lam Dong; and the inflows into Tri An reservoir at current and previous time steps, directly affected forecasting inflow; and the appropriate time step to forecast the inflow into Tri An reservoir is from 7 days to 10 days. This is shown by the accuracy, Efficiency Index (EI) in network training period obtaining 90.83% and 89.65%, respectively; and

Keywords: artificial neural network model, forecasting reservoir inflow, Tri An reservoir inflow, Dong Nai River Basin, n-day-ahead inflow discharge, appropriate time step.

Pages: 7 - 13 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-173-3-02

3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENERGY DISSIPATION AND COLUMN UPLIFT IN SIMPLE 3D STRUCTURE DURING DYNAMIC LOADING

Authors: ASSAD RASHID , MAJID ALI , NAKHSHAB AJAZ

Abstract: There is a new trend to allow uplift in structures to have maximum energy dissipation during strong ground motion. This aspect needs to be studied in detail, particularly in three dimensional structures. To start with, a prototype 3D structure is considered. In this work, a relationship is developed between column uplift and energy dissipation for a 3D prototype structure during harmonic loading. The simple 550 mm high single storey structure consists of a top steel plate (500 mm x 500 mm and 5 mm thickness) with four corner aluminum columns (each having size of 30 mm x 30 mm x 3 mm). The structure will be simulated under harmonic loadings with two options: i. all four columns will be fixed, and ii. three columns will be fixed and fourth one will be allowed to have a maximum uplift of 5 mm. Relative comparison will be made between the two options. Column response and uplift will be measured. Detail discussions will be made on relative response of structures. This study will help in und

Keywords: energy dissipation, uplift, dynamic loading, 3D structure, column

Pages: 14 - 28 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-173-3-03

4. OPTIMIZATION METHODOLOGY TO TARGET A VIBRATION SOURCE NATURAL FREQUENCY OF ENERGY HARVESTING CANTILEVER

Authors: SALLAM A. KOURITEM , KHALED T. MOHAMED , AHMED M. NAGIB ELMEKAWY , HASSAN ELGAMAL

Abstract: Targeting the frequency of a vibrating source efficiently is the main aim of this research. Also, using an intelligent optimization methodology to improve the power output per unit volume of the harvester is considered. Two case studies of engine vibration and car suspension energy harvesting were investigated. The two optimization methodologies were the genetic algorithm (GA) and COMSOL optimization module (BOBYQA solver). Then, a multi-physics COMSOL was utilized to simulate the results of the COMSOL optimization module and MATLAB was applied to simulate the results of the GA optimization methodology. The analytical simulation of GA and literature results were used to verify the COMSOL results. The power per unit volume of the first case study using COMSOL (FEM) was 67.25×10-3 mW/mm3 versus 60.5×10-3 mW/mm3 for analytical (GA). While, the power per volume of the second case study, using COMSOL (FEM) was 93.8 ×10-3 mW/mm3, versus 81.5 mW/mm3 for analytical (GA). From results we can

Keywords: Optimization, piezoelectric, cantilever, energy harvesting

Pages: 19 - 25 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-173-3-04

5. A CURSORY VIEW OF PLASTIC APPLICATIONS IN FOUR CONSUMPTION SECTORS

Authors: EMMANUEL BAFFOUR-AWUAH , STEPHEN AKINLABI

Abstract: The challenges and negative externalities associated with the use of plastics have come to greater light as a result of the extensive use and applications of the product. Waste management, sanitation, health and environmental problems are all over constituting nuisance, overshadowing the numerous benefits of plastics in variegated types of consumption sectors. This review paper commences with the negative externalities of plastics. It then delves into the benefits, uses and applications of plastics with particular reference to health, automobile, food packaging and building and construction sectors. The paper observes that negative externalities of plastics can be reduced to the minimum through the use of technology. In designing plastic waste-reduction technologies, one of the biorelated technologies that came into sharp focus, apart from bio-based and biodegradable plastics is biofiber-plastic composite technology. As a relatively new area of study, the paper recommends that both ind

Keywords: Automobile; Food Packaging; Health; Negative Externalities

Pages: 26 - 38 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-173-3-05

6. ROAD TRAFFIC INJURIES:INDEPENDENT OF MOTORIZATION, RISING POPULATION AND EXPANSION OF ROAD NETWORK

Authors: B.L. SWAMI , RAJ R.D. KIRORI , B.L. SWAMI

Abstract: Developing countries generally consider that rapid motorization, rising population and expansion of road network are also significant contributors, besides other causes, to increased road traffic fatalities and injuries as travel risks are further increased. Over 90 per cent of road traffic fatalities of 1.3 million fatalities in world, occur in low and middle income countries which have 60 per cent of the world’s vehicles whereas 7 per cent fatalities in high income countries having 40 per cent vehicles and 15 percent population of world. Journey through Decade of Action for global road safety aiming 50 percent reduction in road fatalities by year 2020, but most of developing countries are still far from achieving targeted reduction. In contrast, leading road safety nations have successfully demonstrated that road traffic fatalities can be reduced substantially by implementation of safe system approach based structured and well defined road safety management. As a result 17 develope

Keywords: road traffic injuries, safe system approach, road safety management

Pages: 39 - 42 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-173-3-06

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