29 Articles Published

1. EFFECT OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDING STRUCTURE SEQUENTIAL LOADING ON SOIL-FOUNDATION INTERACTIONS

Authors: JAVED M. , MAHMOUD H. M.

Abstract: The analysis of multi-storey building structure founded on the soils involves an interactive process starting with the construction stage and ending with a state of balance between stresses and strains developed within the soil field as well as within the structure. The interaction effect becomes more complex when the structure analysis considers the construction phasing of multistory building on composite foundation system. The study considers the complete interaction between the foundation structure and soil, and between the foundation-soil and the super-structure. The soil-structure interaction of combined Piled-Raft Foundation with the foundation soil and superstructure of the building is evaluated through nonlinear 3D-Finite Element Analyses using PLAXIS3D FOUNDATION code. The multi-storey building with construction stages and Hardening Soil for non-cohesive soil is taken in the analysis. The effect of the soil-foundation-structure response with construction phasing and different

Keywords: Piled-raft foundation, Sequential loading, construction stages, Finite Element Method, Soil Settlement

Pages: 1 - 3 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-13

2. BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (BIM) FOR LARGE-SCALE CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

Authors: TAHIR AKKOYUNLU , ATTILA DIKBAS

Abstract: Building information modelling (BIM) is one of the newest management and design techniques for construction. Especially for large-scale projects, using BIM, provides executing troubleless project management, Furthermore, large scale projects management purposed to reduce construction cost , to built energy efficient structure and sustainable buildings. Today, construction projects must have further features against the past, like scheduling, 4D and 5D cost estimation, climatization, green production, safety, new materials etc. Thus, traditional construction management methods are insufficient. It is required to manage the project process (including the operational phase) effectively. The large-scale projects which is being conducted unconsciously should be executed by BIM for effective project management and succeed the project

Keywords: BIM, Building information modelling, construction project management, project coordination

Pages: 14 - 18 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-16

3. STAKEHOLDERS ANALYSIS AND COMMUNICATION FOR UTILITY RELOCATION IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

Authors: CHI-HSIEN HOU , YING-MEI CHENG

Abstract: Construction projects often involve complex underground utility networks that need to be relocated before the construction commences. It is often difficult to recognize the key stakeholders and manage the expectations, or even prioritize resource allocation among the stakeholders during such project. Therefore, practical investigation and interviews with experts are conducted to define the 25 key stakeholders, who are then evaluated based on their significance using six attributes - power, interest, influence, impact, legitimacy and urgency with two-round Delphi method. The 25 stakeholders are classified into 3 groups - Intensive, Intermediate, and Standard using k-means clustering technique. During the study, common communication issues associated with utility relocation are compiled. Their significance is compared through questionnaires and their relationship to Groups Intensive, Intermediate and Standard are also analyzed. The result can provide practical references for communicatio

Keywords: Utility relocation, Communication, Stakeholders, Project management

Pages: 19 - 27 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-17

4. SMART MATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR ENERGY RETROFIT OF HISTORIC BUILDINGS

Authors: MARCO CASINI

Abstract: As energy-efficiency standards for buildings become increasingly stringent, using a traditional insulation material often means having to accept increasingly thick layers of insulation in walls, floors, and roofs. In renovation projects, even if it is possible to increase insulation thickness at all, significant aesthetic and functional compromises are often required to fit more insulation on the inside or outside of the building envelope. The article offers an analysis of the use of nanotechnological insulation materials and innovative phase change materials (PCM) in renovation of buildings, illustrating the possibility of integration into the envelope and the benefits achievable in terms of architectural quality, comfort and energy saving, with particular reference to the historic buildings subjected to architectural constraints.

Keywords: smart materials, nanotechnology, phase change materials, building envelope materials, energy efficiency, energy retrofit, historic buildings, sustainable buildings.

Pages: 28 - 37 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-18

5. THE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CRACK MECHANISM IN HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE WITH STEEL AND POLYPROPYLENE FIBER

Authors: METIN HUSEM , SERHAT DEMIR

Abstract: Today, high performance concrete can be produced as easily as normal strength concrete. Concretes are expected to have ductile behavior and have compressive strength, as well. In the recent years, in order to have ductile behavior, researchers have started to strengthen concrete using fibers and have done lots of researches. In this study, normal and high strength concrete with steel and polypropylene fiber are produced, the compressive strength and the tensile strength in split of these concrete is investigated and the crack mechanizm of notching samples are examined.

Keywords: high strength concrete, crak mechanism, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber

Pages: 38 - 42 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-19

6. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF RC BEAMS INCLUDE BOND SLIP EFFECT

Authors: METIN HUSEM , SERHAT DEMIR

Abstract: Load transition between reinforcement and surrounding concrete effect RC members’ behavior in a great deal. But adherence is usually ignored in RC members’ analyses which are performed using the FE method. In this study, the effects of bond slip on the analysis of RC members are examined. In the FE analyses, bond slip behavior between reinforcement and surrounding concrete simulated with spring elements. Bond slip relationship is identified experimentally using beam bending test suggested by RILEM. The results obtained from FE analyses are compared with the result of RC beam, tested experimentally

Keywords: FEA, RC beam, bond slip, ANSYS

Pages: 43 - 47 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-20

7. SIMULATION AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WASTE IN CONCRETE SLABS

Authors: F. GUADALUPE CABRERA-COVARRUBIAS , J. LUIS ALMARAL-SANCHEZ , JOSE M. GOMEZ-SOBERON

Abstract: Construction sector generates significant amounts of waste that affects the environment and obstructs a sustainable development. The horizontal structure (slabs and roofs) is one of the building elements, by its functional requirement (geometry and layout) and volume, who uses more raw material for its constitution (potential generators of waste) On the other hand, the choice of the system to use, is typically based on criteria such as the ease of construction, the economy availability or the technological feasibility; so, from a sustainable perspective, the generation of waste has not been considered or evaluated. This work compares and analyzes four different common elements used in slabs and the possible generation of waste produced for the construction and eventual demolition of them, in order to provide a new weighting criterion in the choice.

Keywords: waste in construction, waste simulation, sustainable construction, types of slabs.

Pages: 48 - 53 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-21

8. UTILIZATION OF BLAST FURNACE SLAG IN BRIQUETTE PRODUCTION

Authors: BARIS SAYIN , OZLEM CELIK SOLA

Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the utilization of blast furnace slag (BFS) in the production of briquettes as a replacement of soil (S). To achieve this first, some physical properties of the materials used were determined. Thermal properties of the materials were examined by using differential thermal analysis- thermo gravimetric analysis (DTA-TG). Following the characterization of the materials, the samples of briquettes made with BFS. Its replacement ratios with soil were 0, 2, 5, 10, 20% in mass basis (w/w). The mixtures were prepared and sintered at 900C in the furnace. Compressive strength tests results were presented. It can be said that BFS affected sintering behavior of the briquettes. Compressive strength results of the briquette samples indicated that BFS containing briquettes with 39.4MPa compressive strength (No#2), which was higher than the requirements of Turkish Standard Specification (TS EN 771-1) and it was also higher reference mixture’s (No#1).

Keywords: blast furnace slag, compressive strength, briquette

Pages: 54 - 56 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-22

9. DETERMINATION OF ASSESSMENT SCALE OF SELECTED INDICATORS IN BEAS

Authors: MONIKA CULAKOVA , SILVIA VILCEKOVA , EVA KRIDLOVA BURDOVA

Abstract: The building environmental assessment systems and tools used over the world were the base of new system development for Slovak conditions. The proposed fields are site selection and project planning; building construction; indoor environment; energy performance; water management and waste management. The fields and indicators were proposed on the bases of available information analysis from particular fields of building environmental assessment and also on the base of our experimental experiences. The aim of this paper is presentation of Slovak building environmental assessment system and determination of assessment criteria of environmental indicators such as embodied energy (EE), embodied CO2eq emissions (ECO2) and embodied SO2eq emissions (ESO2) for the purpose of their implementation to BEAS.

Keywords: sustainability, building materials, environmental assessment, indicators evaluation

Pages: 57 - 61 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-23

10. EFFECTIVENESS OF MICRONIZED CALCITE IN REDUCING EXPANSIONS DUE TO ALKALI SILICA REACTION

Authors: ESMA GIZEM DASKIRAN , HASAN YILDIRIM

Abstract: This paper investigates the effectiveness of micronized calcite in reducing expansion of concrete due to alkali-silica reaction. Three aggregates; two natural sands and one crushed stone aggregate were used preparing mortar bars in accordance with accelerated mortar bar test method, ASTM C1260. Performance of micronized calcite is determined by examining the expansions due to alkali silica reaction. Micronized calcite added to the mixtures at %10 and %20 replacement levels by weight of cement. Also in this research, effect of different cement usage to expansions was investigated by using the same method. Four different cements were used for this purpose. Usage of micronized calcite at %20 replacement level of cement was effective in mitigating ASR expansions whereas using it at %10 was not enough to suppress them. Different cement usage showed a minor difference between the expansions; however, the final decision about the reactivity of aggregate was indecisive.

Keywords: Alkali silica reaction, Micronized calcite, Durability.

Pages: 62 - 68 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-24

11. CHARACTERIZATION OF THREE RECYCLED MATERIALS FOR ALTERNATIVE USE OF MORTARS

Authors: F. GUADALUPE CABRERA-COVARRUBIAS , ANTONIA NAVARRO-EZQUERRA

Abstract: Because natural resources in construction are limited, it is advisable to look for new alternatives that meet comparable functions, and likewise, reduce consumption of non-renewable resources. The use of recycled materials is of benefit to the uncontrolled elimination of residues that cause the use of the public resources, such as landfills. In addition, this contributes to the reduction of the environmental impact caused by the industries in the process of obtaining the same ones. Therefore, recycled materials such as concrete or masonry demolished, glass and ceramics different, can be employed in different ways to be used in the construction industry. This work focuses on presenting the initial characterization of three recycled materials as an alternative to use in replacement of natural sand in mortars, this as a first step for further study in different percentages of replacement, as currently his understanding is unknown, or little known.

Keywords: recycled aggregates, recycled aggregate characterization, sustainable mortars.

Pages: 69 - 73 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-25

12. FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF HIGH STRENGTH REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS

Authors: KHALID HEIZA , MOHAMED KANDIL , MONEIR SOLIMAN

Abstract: The analysis of Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures by using finite element techniques takes great attentions through the last two decades. A lot of finite element packages like ANSYS, ABAQUS, COSMOS, Dyna-3D, and NASTRAN have been modified to be used in the analysis of different elements of RC structures. In this paper ANSYS finite element software was used to analyze the structural behavior of high strength RC slabs. The analysis of RC slabs was considered in three dimensions finite element analysis, where effects of material and geometric nonlinearities were taken into consideration to increase the accuracy of the results. Flexural capacity of RC slabs was measured experimentally and calculated analytically using ANSYS. Comparisons between experimental and analytical results were performed. Comparisons between typical cracks patterns and modes of failure were comparable.

Keywords: Flexural capacity, High strength concrete, Material nonlineaities, Reinforcement ratio, Silica fume, Deflection, Finite element, ANSYS.

Pages: 74 - 78 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-26

13. A NEW SYSTEM PROPOSAL ABOUT CERTIFICATION OF ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF BUILDINGS

Authors: CEVDET EMIN EKINCI

Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to introduce a new certification system which certificates and investigates that the building is stable, peaceful, comfortable, harmonious, healthy, and compatible or not with the user identity and intended purpose. The proposed new system is the name of the Bioharmological Conformity Assessment. Its short name is BCA. The proposed system has been applied in a regional boarding school in Elazig-Turkey. At the end of the study very interesting results were obtained. In study, a regional boarding school building in Elazig was examined in the scope of BCA according to 14 basic criteria of Planning, Project Design and Application (PPA). BCA Certificate Class of the examined building was determined as “Should be Improved (A)” and deficiency-inadequacy level was determined as 52%. Mechanical system (84%), practice according to the technique (83%), Lighting (67%), building installations (65%), furnishing and configuration (58%) and selection of appropriate materials

Keywords: bioharmology, planning, project design, user identity, intended purpose, educational building

Pages: 79 - 83 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-27

14. SEISMIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WEAK AXIS CONNECTIONS STEEL MOMENT FRAMES

Authors: KANGMIN LEE , KEUNYEONG OH , LIUYI CHEN , SUNGBIN HONG , YANG YANG

Abstract: In this paper, weak axis connections with steel moment frames were evaluated seismic performance. Weak axis connections with proposed prequalified connections in US and weak axis column-tree type connections were tested. As a results, weak axis prequalified connections were evaluated lower ductile than weak axis column-tree type. Prequalified connections satisfied ordinary moment frame, while column-tree type connections met the special moment frame condition.

Keywords: steel moment frame, weak axis connections, cyclic loadong, story drift ratio

Pages: 84 - 87 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-28

15. CREEP COMPLIANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF CEMENT DUST ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURES

Authors: AYMAN OTHMAN , TALLAT ALI ABDEL WAHED

Abstract: The current research is directed towards studying the creep compliance characteristics of asphalt concrete mixtures modified with cement dust. This study can aid in assessing the permanent deformation potential of asphalt concrete mixtures. Cement dust was added to the mixture as mineral filler and compared with regular lime stone filler. A power law model was used to characterize the creep compliance behavior of the studied mixtures. Creep testing results have revealed that the creep compliance power law parameters have a strong relationship with mixture type. Testing results of the studied mixtures, as indicated by the creep compliance parameters revealed an enhancement in the creep resistance, Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength and compressive strength for cement dust mixtures as compared to mixtures with traditional lime stone filler.

Keywords: Cement dust; Asphalt Concrete Mixtures; Creep Compliance; Marshall stability; Indirect Tensile Strength; Compressive Strength.

Pages: 88 - 91 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-29

16. EFFECT OF SKY VIEW FACTOR AND WIND DIRECTION ON SURFACE TEMPERATURES IN URBAN AREAS

Authors: AYCA GULTEN , U.TEOMAN AKSOY

Abstract: Sky view factor (SVF) is an important parameter which is being used to define the urban density in urban areas. In this study we investigated the correlation between SVF and surface temparatures of building facades’. For this purpose we implemented an application study on some specific points which exist on Gazi Street in Elazig on east side of Turkey and some branch streets connected to Gazi which have a remarkable structural density. In the study first we calculated SVF values of 2 points on Gazi Street which is east-west oriented 4 points on branch streets connecting to Gazi. Then we measured surface temperatures of building façades for choosen points for the hours between 8:00 am-16:00 pm. Rayman 1.2 program and fisheye photos were used to calculate SVF values. Surface temperatures were measured by infrared thermography method. Calculated SVF values for the two points on Gazi Street are 0.561 and 0.574 while the SVF values for branch streets ranges from 0.287 to 0.574. Higher surfa

Keywords: sky view factor, surface temperature, infrared thermography.

Pages: 92 - 96 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-30

17. EFFECT OF STRENGTH CLASS OF CONCRETE AND CURING CONDITIONS ON APPARENT VOLUME OF PERMEABLE VOIDS OF SELF-COMPACTING AND CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE

Authors: EMINE EBRU DEMIRCI , REMZI SAHIN

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to compare Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Conventional Concrete (CC) which are used in beams with dense reinforcement, in terms of their apparent volume of permeable voids (AVPV). During the comparison of SCC and CC, the effects of two different factors were also investigated: strength class of concrete and curing condition. In the study, both SCC and CC were produced in three different strength classes (C25, C50 and C70) and the other parameter (i.e. curing condition) was determined as two levels: moisture and air curing. Beam dimensions were determined to be 200x250x3000 mm. The AVPV measurements were performed on core samples taken from the beams. Core samples of ø8x5 cm were taken from the beginning (0-100 cm), middle (100-200 cm) and end (200-300 cm) region of the beams according to the casting direction of SCC. In the study, AVPV experiments were performed according to Turkish Standard 3624. It was observed that, for both SCC and CC, AVPV values o

Keywords: Self compacting concrete, reinforced concrete beam, apparent volume of permeable voids (AVPV), strength class, curing condition

Pages: 101 - 111 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-32

18. A STUDY ON THE BATCH AND CONTINUOUS GRADATIONS OF CONCRETE

Authors: B.PRADEEP

Abstract: In this study, the results of the mechanical and physical tests on the concrete that has batch and continuous granulometrics aggregate have been analyzed. For this purpose, 300-400 doze concrete samples have been produced from streams and crushed stone aggregate. The ratio of water/cement was taken as 0.50 in all of these mixtures. Maximum grain diameter (dmax) of the aggregate was chosen as 32 mm. To create a step gradation, the aggregates that has equivalent (0-4), (4-8), (8-16) and (16-32) mm sieve eye openings were subtracted from the aggregate stack, respectively. Crushed stone aggregate with continuous granulometrics and streams aggregate with batch granulometrics except (8-16) mm has shown high mechanical performance.

Keywords: Concrete, step gradation

Pages: 112 - 116 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-33

19. USING MARBLE WASTES AS FINE AGGREGATE IN HOT MIX ASPHALT PRODUCTION

Authors: NIYAZIUGURKOCKAL , SEVILKOFTECI

Abstract: Waste disposal problem leads to negative effects on environment, health and economy. Recent years, recycling and reusing of waste materials in various sectors have been implemented to solve this problem. This experimental study was conducted to demonstrate the possibility of using marble wastes as a substitute rather than natural aggregates in hot mix asphalt (HMA) production. The marble wastes were crushed and ground to obtain fine aggregates. Based on experimental evidences, it can be stated that the use of recycled marble aggregate (RMA) instead of virgin aggregate (VA) as a fine aggregate is promising in many applications where cost and environmental aspects are primarily considered.

Keywords: Fine aggregate, recycled marble aggregate, hot mix asphalt

Pages: 117 - 121 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-34

20. EFFECT OF WATER AND EMULSION CONTENTS FOR MICROSURFACING MIX PROPERTIES

Authors: BOO-IL KIM , HYUN-JIN SIN , JAE-CHEONG HONG , JAE-JUN LEE , KANG-HWI LEE

Abstract: The purpose of this study is the evaluation of effect of water and emulsion contents in microsurfacing mixture design. Micorsurfacing method which is one of pavement preservation technologies is currently used in Korea. Hot-mix asphalt(HMA) overlay is generally used for pavement preservation treatment in Korea. Microsurfacing treatment was commonly used for pavement preservation and maintenance in the world. Microsurfacing consists of a mixture of polymer-modified asphalt emulsion, aggregate, mineral filler, water and other additive. As changed contents of water and emulsion, the performance of microsurfacing would be changed. Excessive water and emulsion content may cause the mix to segregate and leave a flushed or excessively smooth surface texture or less adhesion. To determinate a wearing qualities of microsurfacing system under wet abrasion conditions, wet track abrasion test was adopted in this study. Also, Cohesion test was conducted to determine the cohesion build-up in a micro

Keywords: component, formatting, style, styling, insert

Pages: 126 - 129 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-36

21. STUDY OF PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES USING BELIEF-FUNCTION THEORY

Authors: JIA-RUEY CHANG

Abstract: Road development in Taiwan has progressed to the maintenance and management stages of its life cycle. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce information technology approaches to assist in pavement management activities. Belief-function theory (BFT), otherwise known as the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence, has been advocated by many as a method of representing uncertain, incomplete, and imprecise evidence of a system’s knowledge base. BFT is still scarce in applications for the construction industry and even pavement management until now. This paper applied BFT to pavement management, in particular to the pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M and R) activities. One case study was conducted using BFT to understand whether M and R activities need to be implemented for a pavement section. This study completed a preliminary study of BFT to promote efficiency in pavement management.

Keywords: pavement, maintenance and rehabilitation, belieffunction theory, Dempster’s rule of combination

Pages: 130 - 135 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-37

22. ENTROPY GENERATION ANALYSIS FOR FULLY DEVELOPED TURBULENT FLOW IN TRANSITION CHANNELS

Authors: HASAN GUL

Abstract: Entropy generation of fully developed turbulent flow in a transition duct is investigation in this study. Air was used to study as working flow on entropy generation, flow passing from a rectangular to square channel in turbulent flow conditions, experimentally. Entropy generation was increased according to the equivalent conical angle of the transition duct. The lateral side angle of the duct was varied to investigate its effect on the entropy generation.

Keywords: Channel, Entropy generation, Turbulent flow

Pages: 136 - 140 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-38

23. COLLATION THE DURABILITY OF MODIFIED AND NON-MODIFIED SULFUR CONCRETE IN EROSIVE ENVIRONMENTS

Authors: ABDULSAME FAZLI , BEHROOZ FATHI , MARYAM FAZLI , MAHYAR SHOAEI

Abstract: One of applications of sulfur in building industry is producing sulfur concrete (SC). High resistance, in acid environments, gaining high and rapid resistance, not using water during preparation, the possibility of recycling and low permeability can be pointed out as the most significant specifications of sulfur concrete .The present study investigates the role of acid on mechanical resistances including compressive and tensile strength on modified and none-modified sulfur concrete .The implications indicate that sulfur concretes are much more resistant against acids as compared with regular concretes .economically, It can be referred that if preparation of SC becomes more easier, it can replace regular concrete in a number of regular hydraulic projects.

Keywords: sulfur concrete, Mechanical resistance, durability, erosive environment

Pages: 141 - 146 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-39

24. THE EFFECT OF MGCL2 AND NACL SALTS IN CONCRETE

Authors: MAHYAR SHOAEI , RUSTEM GUL , TURKAY KOTAN

Abstract: In this study, the effect of NaCl and MgCl2 salts in lightweight concrete (LWC) with raw perlite aggregate was investigated. For this purpose, a total of 360 concrete samples with Ø100/200 mm cylindrical shape were produced. In concrete mixture, the micro silica fume (MCF) and fly ash (FA) were replaced with cement at the rate of 10% and 20% of its weight in 90 samples for each, respectively. The obtained concrete samples were subjected to Sodium Chloride and Magnesium Chloride solutions at the rate of 3.5% and 5.0% further in mixtures of these at the rate of 1.75%+1.75% for 28, 90, 56 days. But firstly, the standard water curing was applied to samples for 28 days. The compressive strength, unit weight and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) standard tests were made on three each sample to investigate effect of these salts in lightweight concrete and average results obtained from tests were given in this paper. The obtained results showed that; the effect of MgCl2 solutions on samples with

Keywords: lightweight concrete, perlite, micro cilica fume, fly ash, sodium cloride, magnesium cloride

Pages: 147 - 151 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-54

25. BIM IN THE MAINTENANCE OF BUILDINGS

Authors: A. ZITA SAMPAIO , DIOGO G. SIMOES

Abstract: Building maintenance is the responsibility of its owner which must use, whenever appropriate, a technician to perform the inspection. A good maintenance depends on the analysis of the anomalies detected during the inspection of the site. Building Information Models (BIM) have revealed themselves as a good tool when it comes to supporting maintenance actions, due to their ability to store enough information in one digital model. The aim of the proposed work was to implement the benefits provided by BIM on a software tool used as support to maintenance of buildings. During an inspection activity for maintenance purposes, the implemented application, containing a rigorous database, allows the user to identify each anomaly present in building components, directly onto the BIM model, automatically associating them with probable causes, repair methods and a photograph of the anomaly uploaded at the site. Therefore, gains in productivity and a decrease in the error probability can be achieved

Keywords: Maintenance, inspection, Building Information Modeling (BIM), standard IFC

Pages: 152 - 157 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-11

26. EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES OF OPTIMIZED COMPOSITES

Authors: PETR P. PROCHAZKA

Abstract: Homogenization and shape optimization of fibers in a composite structure has been solved by many authors mostly by means of FEM. In this paper a new procedure for homogenization of composites is proposed, based on the idea of Hashin bounds, leading to combination BEM-FEM approach, which seems to be promising right to applications to composites.Homogenization and shape optimization of fibers in a composite structure has been solved by many authors mostly by means of FEM. In this paper a new procedure for homogenization of composites is proposed, based on the idea of Hashin bounds, leading to combination BEM-FEM approach, which seems to be promising right to applications to composites.

Keywords: Composites, effective properties, combination FEM-BEM, homogenization, optimization

Pages: 158 - 161 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-96

27. POLICIES TO ENCOURAGE SOLAR ENERGY USAGE

Authors: ANOOP SATTINENI , WILLIAM COCHRAN

Abstract: The economic reality of fossil fuels is that these resources are found in a limited number of locations around the world, yet are consumed everywhere. Conversely, solar energy is available almost everywhere in world and is not being fully used. Fossil fuels and solar energy are complete opposites in not only their environmental effects, but also their economic effect. This study investigates global policies that encourage the development and deployment of solar energy. Solar energy is green, non-polluting, everlasting, and free of charge depending on how you look at it. Countries around the world have taken action and implemented solar energy with both progressive policies and incentives for those who use renewable energy. Governmental agencies and their affiliates have responded to this environmental movement and have spent a lot of time and money researching alternate energy sources, including solar energy. There are many different types of renewable energy, but the focus of this res

Keywords: Photovoltaic, Solar Energy, Governmental Policy, Global Perspective

Pages: 162 - 170 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-97

28. A KIND OF REPAIRABLE STEEL BUILDINGS FOR SEISMIC REGIONS BASED ON BUILDING'S ROCKING MOTION AND ENERGY DISSIPATION AT BASE LEVEL

Authors: MAHMOOD HOSSEINI , SEYED SASAN ALAVI

Abstract: Most of current seismic design codes accept heavy damages to the building in case of large earthquakes, provided that the building is prevented against collapse. However, this acceptance leads to some unacceptable consequences in populated cities, like very great number of people who lose their residence or work place for very long time. To overcome these difficulties one approach is design of ‘repairable structures’ for buildings, by using the idea of ‘Deliberate Directing of Damage’ (DDD), which means guiding the damage to some pre-decided parts or elements of the structural system, so that other parts do not experience any plastic deformation. In this study the DDD idea has been employed for design of repairable steel buildings based on creation of building’s rocking motion possibility rather than its shear deformation, by using a central hinge support and circumferential energy dissipating columns at base level. Energy dissipation is done by a Multiple Trapezoidal Yielding Plate En

Keywords: Seismic Codes, DDD Idea, Nonlinear Time History Analysis, MTYPED Devices

Pages: 171 - 177 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-102

29. A CFD STUDY OF A NATURALLY VENTILATED THREE-STOREY SIMPLE ATRIUM BUILDING

Authors: NASHMI H. ALRASHEEDI , PATRICK H. OOSTHUIZE , S.M.F. HASANI , SHAFQAT HUSSAIN

Abstract: The flow field and temperature distribution in a three-storey simple atrium building located in three different cities across Canada is numerically investigated at different times on a summer day. The building utilizes a buoyancy-driven natural ventilation system and has a curved glazed roof over the central portion. The numerical results are obtained using the commercial CFD solver ANSYS FLUENT©. The Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) equations are solved in conjunction with the SST- k-ω turbulence model and the Discrete Transfer Radiation Model (DTRM). Results for the ventilation air flow rate, the air pressure, the velocity, the turbulence intensity, and the temperature distribution inside the building at different times of the day are presented for the various locations considered in the study.

Keywords: Building spaces, atria, turbulent natural convection with radiation, CFD analysis

Pages: 178 - 186 | DOI: 10.15224/978-1-63248-020-0-103